Fascism: meaning, definitions and examples
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fascism
[ˈfæʃɪzəm ]
Definition
political ideology
Fascism is a far-right authoritarian ultranationalist political ideology and movement characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, as well as strong regimentation of society and the economy. It arose in early 20th-century Europe and is often associated with totalitarian regimes, notably Benito Mussolini's Italy and Adolf Hitler's Germany. Fascism upholds the idea of the supremacy of the state and often promotes the belief in a single, strong leader who embodies the nation's spirit and will. It typically rejects democracy and champions the concept of an aggressive, militarily strong nation. The term is frequently used to describe oppressive government systems that suppress dissent and undermine individual freedoms.
Synonyms
authoritarianism, dictatorship, nationalism, totalitarianism, ultranationalism.
Examples of usage
- Many historians study the rise of fascism in Europe.
- Fascism was responsible for numerous human rights violations.
- The effects of fascism can still be seen in modern politics.
- Opponents of fascism often face severe persecution.
Interesting Facts
Historical Origins
- The term 'fascism' originated in Italy in the early 20th century, derived from the Latin word 'fasces,' symbolizing power and authority.
- Benito Mussolini was the first to use the term to describe his political movement, which aimed to create a totalitarian state.
- Fascism emerged in response to social unrest and economic instability after World War I, promising order and national revival.
Political Science
- Fascism often emphasizes nationalism and a strong centralized government, rejecting democracy in favor of authoritarian rule.
- It tends to promote a unified national identity and may employ propaganda, censorship, and violence to suppress opposition.
- Economic control under fascism can include state intervention in the economy while safeguarding private property and corporate interests.
Cultural Impact
- The 20th century saw fascism influencing art and literature, with movements like Futurism celebrating speed, technology, and violence.
- Fascist regimes often tried to reshape culture to align with their ideals, leading to the persecution of artists and thinkers.
Psychology
- Fascism can thrive in societies where fear is prevalent, as it promises security in exchange for personal freedoms.
- Studies suggest that individuals may be drawn to fascism due to a strong desire for belonging and identity within a group.
Global Influence
- Although initially associated with Italy and Germany, fascist-like movements have appeared in various forms around the world throughout history.
- Modern interpretations of fascism often relate to political, economic, and social movements that exhibit authoritarian traits or xenophobia.
Translations
Translations of the word "fascism" in other languages:
🇵🇹 fascismo
🇮🇳 फासीवाद
🇩🇪 Faschismus
🇮🇩 fasisme
🇺🇦 фашизм
🇵🇱 faszyzm
🇯🇵 ファシズム
🇫🇷 fascisme
🇪🇸 fascismo
🇹🇷 faşizm
🇰🇷 파시즘
🇸🇦 الفاشية
🇨🇿 fašismus
🇸🇰 fašizmus
🇨🇳 法西斯主义
🇸🇮 fašizem
🇮🇸 fasisma
🇰🇿 фашизм
🇬🇪 ფაშიზმი
🇦🇿 faşizm
🇲🇽 fascismo