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Vindictive Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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vindictive

[vษชnหˆdษชktษชv ]

Definitions

Context #1 | Adjective

behavior

Having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge; vengeful.

Synonyms

malicious, retaliatory, revengeful, spiteful, vengeful.

Which Synonym Should You Choose?

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Word Description / Examples
vindictive

Used to describe someone who seeks revenge and holds grudges for a long time. This word carries a negative connotation.

  • Her vindictive nature led her to plot against her former friends
vengeful

Describes a person or actions that are full of a desire for vengeance or retribution. Often used to emphasize a strong feeling of wanting revenge.

  • He carried a vengeful heart after the incident
spiteful

Relates to actions that are carried out to purposely harm, annoy, or upset someone. Often used for small, petty acts of malice.

  • She made several spiteful comments just to hurt his feelings
revengeful

Describes a strong desire to get back at someone for a perceived wrong. Similar to 'vindictive' but focuses more on the desire for payback.

  • His revengeful thoughts consumed him after the betrayal
malicious

Describes actions or intentions that are meant to cause harm or pain to others. This word also has a negative connotation.

  • The malicious rumors spread quickly, damaging his reputation
retaliatory

Used to describe actions taken in response to a perceived wrong or injury. Often used in legal, political, or conflict situations.

  • The company's retaliatory measures against the whistleblower were widely criticized

Examples of usage

  • She was known for her vindictive nature, always seeking to settle scores.
  • His vindictive actions towards his former colleagues led to his downfall.
  • The vindictive attitude of the character made her a memorable antagonist in the story.
Context #2 | Adjective

attitude

Intended to cause anguish or hurt; vengeful.

Synonyms

malicious, retributive, revengeful, spiteful, vengeful.

Which Synonym Should You Choose?

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Word Description / Examples
vindictive

When someone has a very strong desire to hurt someone else as payback. It's often used to describe a personality trait where a person is habitually focused on revenge.

  • She was vindictive after the breakup and spread rumors about him.
  • His vindictive nature made it difficult for others to trust him.
malicious

Describes actions or behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally. It implies a mean-spirited intent behind the actions.

  • The malicious comments he posted online were meant to hurt her reputation.
  • She had a malicious smile as she sabotaged her colleague's project.
spiteful

Describes actions driven by petty malice or a desire to deliberately annoy or harm someone. It often suggests small, mean-spirited actions.

  • Her spiteful remarks were designed to hurt his feelings.
  • He poured salt into her coffee out of spiteful jealousy.
retributive

Used in the context of justice or punishment where an action is taken to avenge a wrongdoing. It is more formal and often used in legal or philosophical discussions.

  • The retributive measures taken by the court were seen as too harsh.
  • He sought retributive justice for the crimes committed against his family.
revengeful

Describes a strong desire for revenge. Excitement or eagerness to get back at someone is implied.

  • His revengeful thoughts kept him awake at night, plotting ways to retaliate.
  • She was revengeful after losing her job and wanted to get back at her former employer.
vengeful

Emphasizes a deep-seated need for retaliation. It can describe both feelings and actions geared towards avenging a wrong, often portrayed as consuming.

  • She had a vengeful look in her eyes as she confronted her enemy.
  • His vengeful plan unfolded over many years.

Examples of usage

  • His vindictive comments were meant to belittle and hurt her.
  • The vindictive tone of the message left a lasting impact on the recipient.

Translations

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Interesting Facts

Psychology

  • Research shows that vindictive feelings can arise from perceived injustice or betrayal.
  • People who hold onto vindictive anger may experience more stress and anxiety than those who let go of grudges.
  • Forgiveness is often recommended in psychological studies as a means to reduce vindictive feelings and promote emotional health.

Literature

  • Many classic novels feature vindictive characters, such as Heathcliff in 'Wuthering Heights,' whose desire for revenge drives the plot.
  • Shakespeareโ€™s 'Hamlet' explores themes of vindictiveness, as Hamlet struggles with his desire for revenge against Claudius.
  • The theme is often tied to moral lessons, where vindictiveness leads to downfall and tragedy.

Pop Culture

  • TV shows often depict vindictive characters as villains who plot revenge against heroes.
  • In movies like 'The Count of Monte Cristo,' the protagonist becomes vindictive after being wronged and seeks to reclaim his lost life.
  • Social media sometimes amplifies vindictive behavior, where people publicly share grievances for revenge.

Social Dynamics

  • In group settings, vindictive behavior can lead to toxic environments and conflict.
  • Some studies suggest that societies that encourage cooperation discourage vindictive actions, promoting harmony.
  • Being vindictive can erode trust among friends and family, impacting relationships long-term.

Origin of 'vindictive'

Main points about word origin

  • The word comes from the Latin 'vindicta,' meaning 'vengeance' or 'revenge.'
  • In medieval Latin, it was used to describe a person who was seeking to avenge wrongs.
  • The concept has existed in various forms across cultures, often tied to justice and retribution.

The word 'vindictive' comes from the Latin word 'vindicta', meaning 'revenge'. It has been used in English since the early 17th century to describe someone who has a strong desire for revenge or to cause harm to others. The concept of vindictiveness has been explored in various literary works and psychological studies, highlighting the destructive nature of holding onto grudges and seeking retaliation. Understanding the roots of vindictive behavior can help in addressing and overcoming such negative tendencies.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #18,268, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.