Impairment: meaning, definitions and examples

Commonly used to describe a loss or abnormality of mental, physical, or sensory function.

• His hearing impairment made it difficult for him to follow conversations in noisy environments

Used in a broader sense to indicate a physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities.

• She has a learning disability, but with the right support, she excels in her studies

Typically refers to a lack or shortage of something, particularly essential nutrients or elements.

• Vitamin D deficiency can lead to serious health problems such as bone disorders

Generally refers to something that obstructs or hinders progress or movement, can also be used for specific speech-related issues.

• His severe speech impediment made it hard for him to communicate effectively
• The broken bridge was a major impediment to the flow of traffic

Typically used in medical or technical contexts to describe a reduction in ability or function.

• The patient has a visual impairment that makes reading difficult
• The software has an impairment that causes it to crash frequently

Utilized to talk about the gradual decline in quality, condition, or function, often related to physical health, buildings, or other tangible items.

• The old building shows significant deterioration
• Her health has been in a state of gradual deterioration

Commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts to talk about something becoming less strong or less effective.

• The weakening of the immune system left her vulnerable to infections
• The country's weakening currency is a major issue

Often used to describe the process of something becoming worse in quality, especially in terms of environment, technology, or moral values.

• The degradation of the forest due to logging is a serious concern
• Over time, the materials showed signs of degradation