Afflict: meaning, definitions and examples

Use 'afflict' when talking about causing pain or suffering, often in a serious or formal context, usually related to diseases or disasters.

• Many were afflicted by the sudden outbreak of the disease.
• The region has been afflicted by drought for years.

'Trouble' is broader and can mean causing inconvenience, worry, or difficulty. It can be used in both serious and more casual contexts.

• Her health problems have troubled her for many years.
• Sorry to trouble you, but I need some help.

'Distress' is suitable when referring to severe anxiety, pain, or sorrow, often emotional or mental suffering.

• She was in great distress after hearing the news.
• The organization offers support to people in distress.

'Torment' is used when describing severe physical or mental suffering, often prolonged and intense.

• He was tormented by nightmares after the accident.
• Her decision to leave him tormented him for years.

'Plague' is used to describe something that causes continual trouble or suffering, often in a widespread manner. It can refer to both literal diseases or metaphorical problems.

• The town was plagued by endless rain.
• Guilt plagued him for weeks after the accident.

Used to describe causing pain, suffering, or distress, often in a more abstract or widespread sense, such as illness, problems, or difficult conditions. It is typically more formal.

• Many communities are afflicted by poverty.
• The disease continues to afflict thousands each year.

Describes causing physical or emotional injury or damage. It can be used for both minor and serious situations.

• Smoking can harm your health.
• His harsh words did emotional harm to her.

Commonly used to refer to physical harm that reduces value, usefulness, or normal function. It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as ruining someone's reputation.

• The storm caused significant damage to the buildings.
• The scandal damaged his reputation.

Often used to describe causing pain or injury, whether physical or emotional. It is a more personal and direct term compared to others in the group.

• He hurt his leg playing soccer.
• The criticism really hurt her feelings.

Typically used to describe an injury that involves a break in the skin or tissue, often from a weapon or accident. It can also be used metaphorically for emotional pain, but in a less common way.

• The soldier received a serious wound in battle.
• She was deeply wounded by his betrayal.