Wilful: meaning, definitions and examples

Used when someone does something on purpose, especially when it is considered wrong or bad. Often has a negative connotation.

• Her wilful disregard for the rules got her into trouble
• The child was wilful and refused to listen to anyone

Indicates that something is done on purpose and premeditatedly, usually without negative or positive connotations.

• Her actions were intentional, not accidental
• The project was an intentional effort to improve community relations

Applied when an action is done carefully and with full awareness of the consequences. It can imply a thoughtful and calculated decision.

• He took deliberate steps to improve his health
• The speech was deliberate, aiming to avoid any misunderstandings

Used to describe actions that are done by one's own will, often without being forced or paid. It usually has a positive connotation.

• He participated in the event on a voluntary basis
• The charity relies on voluntary donations

This word is used to describe someone who does things intentionally, often ignoring rules or what others want. It can have a negative connotation, implying stubbornness in a selfish or harmful way.

• She made a wilful decision to ignore the warning
• His wilful disregard for the rules caused problems

Used to describe someone who is determined not to change their attitude or position on something, even when there is good reasoning against it. While similar to 'obstinate', 'stubborn' is more commonly used in everyday language and can either have a slightly negative or neutral tone depending on context.

• He can be very stubborn, never liking to admit when he's wrong
• Her stubborn refusal to ask for help complicated things

This word describes someone who firmly refuses to change their opinion or action, even when there is a reason to do so. Obstinate typically has a negative connotation, suggesting irrational stubbornness.

• He remained obstinate, refusing to compromise
• Her obstinate refusal to apologize made the situation worse

Used to describe someone who is very determined to do what they want, often without listening to advice or considering the consequences. This term often carries a slightly negative connotation, suggesting a lack of flexibility.

• Despite all the advice, he was too headstrong to change his plans
• Her headstrong nature made it difficult for others to work with her