Sanction: meaning, definitions and examples

Use 'sanction' when referring to official actions taken by governments or organizations against countries, companies, or individuals for violating rules or laws.

• The United Nations imposed sanctions on the country for violating human rights

Use 'penalty' in situations involving sports, laws, or financial contexts, often referring to a consequence for breaking rules or agreements.

• He received a penalty for speeding

Use 'punishment' when referring to consequences for misbehavior, typically in social, familial, or educational contexts. It often has a negative connotation.

• The child received a punishment for not completing his homework

Use 'restriction' when talking about limits or controls placed on someone’s actions or freedom, often for safety or regulatory reasons.

• Due to the pandemic, there were restrictions on large gatherings

Sanction can have dual meanings. In a positive context, it refers to official permission or approval. In a negative context, it implies punishment or penalties imposed for disobedience or violations.

• The government imposed economic sanctions on the country.
• The new policy was sanctioned by the board of directors.

Approve is used when giving formal or official acceptance. It often appears in personal, professional, and administrative settings.

• The committee approved the proposal.
• The teacher approved the student's project.

Authorize is used when someone is given formal or official permission to do something. It is common in legal, administrative, and organizational settings.

• The manager authorized the expenditure.
• Only authorized personnel are allowed beyond this point.

Endorse is used when someone publicly supports or recommends something, often seen in marketing, politics, and personal recommendations.

• The celebrity endorsed the new product line.
• The party leader endorsed the candidate.