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Pharisee Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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pharisee

[หˆfษ›rษ™หŒsi ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

Biblical term

A Pharisee was a member of an ancient Jewish religious group who strictly observed the Law of Moses and traditions. They were known for their self-righteousness and hypocrisy.

Synonyms

hypocrite, legalist, traditionalist.

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Word Description / Examples
pharisee

Used to describe someone who is self-righteous or hypocritically pious. Often refers to a person who strictly adheres to the letter of the rules or religious laws but may lack genuine compassion or understanding.

  • He's such a pharisee, always judging others while ignoring his own flaws
hypocrite

Refers to a person who pretends to have virtues, beliefs, or principles that they do not actually possess or practice. Can be used in various situations including everyday life, politics, and social contexts, often with a negative connotation.

  • She's a hypocrite for criticizing others about honesty while lying herself
legalist

Describes someone who places a strong emphasis on following rules or laws, sometimes to the extent of missing the broader purpose or spirit of the law. Commonly used in religious or bureaucratic contexts.

  • As a legalist, he doesn't tolerate any deviation from the company's strict policies
traditionalist

Used to describe a person who respects and follows established customs, traditions, or beliefs. Often refers to someone who resists modern changes or innovations.

  • As a traditionalist, she prefers to keep family celebrations the same each year

Examples of usage

  • He accused Jesus of violating the Sabbath, showing the Pharisees' legalistic approach.
  • The Pharisees were often criticized by Jesus for their outward show of piety while neglecting justice and mercy.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Historical Origins

  • The Pharisees existed during the Second Temple period, around 515 BCE to 70 CE, playing a key role in Jewish society.
  • The name 'Pharisee' comes from a Hebrew word meaning 'separated,' reflecting their focus on purity and adherence to the law.
  • Unlike the Sadducees, who were more aristocratic and literal in their interpretation, the Pharisees emphasized oral traditions.

Religious Significance

  • Pharisees contributed significantly to the development of Rabbinic Judaism, particularly after the destruction of the Second Temple.
  • They believed in the resurrection of the dead, a concept that was quite distinctive from the beliefs held by other sects of Judaism at the time.
  • Their interpretations of the Torah laid the groundwork for modern Jewish practices and ethics.

Cultural References

  • In the New Testament of the Bible, Pharisees are often portrayed as opponents of Jesus, representing strict legalism.
  • The term 'Pharisee' has evolved in modern usage to describe someone who is hypocritically self-righteous or overly concerned with rules.
  • Cinemas and literature frequently depict Pharisees as symbols of dogmatic beliefs, emphasizing the tension between law and compassion.

Psychological Insights

  • Research in moral psychology often references the Pharisaical mentality as it highlights the contrast between rigid adherence to rules and the spirit of compassion.
  • The phenomenon of 'performative goodness,' where individuals act morally for social approval, mirrors the criticisms often directed at the Pharisees.
  • The in-group versus out-group dynamics observed in Pharisaical behavior can be applied to modern discussions around social identity and moral behavior.

Literature

  • Many authors have used the term 'Pharisee' to critique societal norms, exploring themes of hypocrisy versus genuine virtue.
  • Classic literature sometimes uses Pharisees as archetypes of moral rigidity, contrasting them with more compassionate, understanding characters.
  • Modern novels and plays occasionally reflect on the challenges of balancing tradition and modernity, often drawing parallels with the Pharisaical mindset.

Origin of 'pharisee'

The term 'Pharisee' originated from the Hebrew word 'pษ™rลซลกฤซm', meaning 'separated ones'. The Pharisees emerged as a distinct group during the Second Temple period and played a significant role in Jewish religious life. They believed in the oral tradition as well as the written Law of Moses.

Word Frequency Rank

At position #40,540, this word is among the less frequently used terms in English. While interesting to know, it's not crucial for most English learners unless needed for specific purposes.