Observational: meaning, definitions and examples

This term is used when describing something based on observing and collecting data, especially in a scientific context. It is commonly used in research when findings are gathered from observing a subject without manipulating variables.

• The scientist presented her observational study at the conference.
• Observational data suggests that the bird population is declining.

Empirical is used to describe information that is based on observation, experiment, or experience rather than theory or pure logic. It is often used in scientific research to differentiate between data that is experimentally verified and theoretical speculation.

• The conclusions were drawn from empirical evidence.
• His theory lacked empirical support and was not widely accepted.

Perceptual relates to the interpretation of sensory information by the brain. It is often used in psychology and cognitive science to discuss how we perceive and understand stimuli around us.

• The study focused on the perceptual differences between adults and children.
• Perceptual challenges can make it difficult for some people to read or process information.

This term is used when referring specifically to sight or things that can be seen. It is often used in contexts related to images, visual arts, and anything requiring visual observation.

• The artist's visual style is very unique.
• She uses visual aids in her teaching to help students understand complex concepts.

Used in contexts related to analysis, research, or studies, where watching and noting details are important.

• The scientist wrote an observational study about the behavior of birds.
• Her observational skills helped her identify the key differences between the subjects.

Used when keeping a close watch to protect or guard against something, often involving vigilance over a period.

• The mother kept a watchful eye on her children as they played in the park.
• The detective was watchful, looking for any clues that might solve the case.

Used when someone is focusing carefully, paying close attention to details, or being considerate and thoughtful.

• The nurse was very attentive to the needs of her patients.
• Students should be attentive during lectures to understand the material better.

Used when someone is very aware of their surroundings and ready to notice any changes or dangers.

• Drivers need to stay alert, especially during heavy traffic.
• The security guard was always alert, watching for any suspicious activity.