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Cortical Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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cortical

[ˈkɔːrtɪkəl ]

Definition

Context #1 | Adjective

anatomy, neuroscience

Cortical refers to anything related to the cortex, which is the outer layer of an organ or body part. In neuroscience, it specifically pertains to the cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer responsible for higher brain functions. The term can also apply to other structures, such as the renal cortex in the kidneys. Cortical areas are involved in processes like perception, cognition, and motor functions.

Synonyms

outer, surface.

Examples of usage

  • Cortical neurons are crucial for processing sensory information.
  • Researchers study cortical thickness to understand brain development.
  • Cortical mapping reveals brain activity during tasks.
  • The cortical region is essential for decision-making.

Translations

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Origin of 'cortical'

The term 'cortical' originates from the Latin word 'cortex,' meaning 'bark' or 'rind,' which is a reference to the outer layer of a tree. In biological contexts, 'cortical' began to emerge in the 19th century as scientists began to explore the anatomy of various organs, particularly the brain. The cerebral cortex was identified as a key structure in understanding brain functions, leading to the establishment of neuroscience as a field. The usage of 'cortical' has evolved as research has expanded, allowing for more complex discussions about brain structures and their roles in both normal and pathological states. Its application can now be found in various scientific disciplines, including psychology, physiology, and medicine.

Word Frequency Rank

Position #8,927 indicates this is an advanced-level word. While not essential for basic communication, it will enhance your ability to understand and create more nuanced content.