Benzene Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
๐งช
benzene
[หbษn.ziหn ]
Definition
chemical compound
Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H6. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a sweet odor and highly flammable nature. Benzene is known for being a fundamental building block in organic chemistry, often used in the production of other chemicals, including plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers. Due to its structure, benzene is classified as a cyclic compound and is recognized for its stability and resonance. However, exposure to benzene is hazardous, as it is a known carcinogen.
Synonyms
C6H6, aromatic hydrocarbon, phenyl hydride.
Examples of usage
- Benzene is commonly used in the manufacture of polystyrene.
- High levels of benzene exposure can lead to serious health issues.
- The structure of benzene consists of a six-membered carbon ring.
- Benzene derivatives play a significant role in drug design.
- Benzene is often found in gasoline as a solvent.
Translations
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Interesting Facts
Science
- Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, which means it comes from a class of compounds that have distinct odors.
- In the laboratory, benzene is used as a solvent to dissolve other substances due to its non-polar nature.
- Benzene is essential in creating many chemicals, including plastics, detergents, and pharmaceuticals.
Health & Safety
- Long-term exposure to benzene can lead to serious health issues, including blood disorders and increased risk of cancer.
- Due to its harmful effects, regulations limit the amount of benzene that can be present in the air and in products.
- Workplaces that use benzene often require protective gear to keep workers safe from inhaling it.
Industrial Use
- Benzene is a building block in the production of styrene, which is used to make polystyrene foam, commonly found in packaging.
- It plays a critical role in creating synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester.
- Benzeneโs derivative compounds are used in the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals.
Pop Culture
- The song 'Benzene' by the British indie band The Rakes references the chemical as a metaphor for something sweet yet dangerous.
- In various films, benzene is often depicted in laboratory scenes as a mysterious chemical used for research or illicit activities.
- Books exploring environmental health sometimes mention benzene as an example of pollutants affecting urban living.
Origin of 'benzene'
Main points about word origin
- The name 'benzene' comes from 'benzoin,' a gum obtained from tree resin that has similar sweet-smelling properties.
- The compound was first discovered systematically in the early 19th century, with its structure being identified in 1865.
- The structure of benzene includes a ring of six carbon atoms, with alternating double bonds, which was proposed by chemist August Kekulรฉ.
The word 'benzene' originates from the German word 'Benzol,' which was derived from 'Benzoesรคure,' the German term for benzoic acid. This term has its roots in the Latin word 'benzoin,' referring to a fragrant resin. Benzene was first identified as a distinct chemical compound in 1825 by the English scientist Michael Faraday, who isolated it from gas used for lighting. The compound's structure was later proposed by German chemist August Kekulรฉ in 1865, who suggested the ring structure and alternating double bonds concept, a significant advancement in organic chemistry. The study of benzene has played a critical role in developing the concept of aromaticity, influencing many areas in chemistry and industry.