Sulfate: meaning, definitions and examples

Used in chemistry and industry to refer to salts or esters of sulfuric acid containing the sulfate ion (SO4). Widely encountered in cleaning agents, fertilizers, and cosmetics.

• Magnesium sulfate is commonly known as Epsom salt.
• Sulfates are used in shampoos to create a lather.

Used in chemistry and industry to refer to compounds containing sulfur in the -2 oxidation state, usually with metals. Sulfides can often create foul smells, hence having negative connotations.

• Hydrogen sulfide is the gas that smells like rotten eggs.
• Metal sulfides are often used in the mining industry.

Used in food and winemaking to refer to a salt or ester of sulfurous acid containing the sulfite ion (SO3). Sulfites are often employed as preservatives.

• Sulfites are added to wine to preserve its freshness.
• Some people are allergic to sulfites in processed foods.

Refers to a strong mineral acid with the molecular formula H2SO4. Used in a wide range of industrial processes including battery acid, fertilizer manufacture, and chemical synthesis.

• Sulfuric acid is a key ingredient in car batteries.
• Laboratories use sulfuric acid for various chemical reactions.

Use as a verb when referring to the action of treating a substance with sulfuric acid or a sulfate compound. It might have a technical, specialized application, especially in industry or science.

• The soil was sulfated to improve its acidity.
• Batteries need to be carefully handled to prevent sulfur from sulfating the electrodes.

Utilize this term when describing the process of applying chemicals to a material, substance, or environment in order to achieve a specific effect. This can include purification, preservation, or enhancement.

• The wastewater is chemically treated to remove harmful contaminants.
• Timber is chemically treated to prevent decay and insect damage.

Employ this phrase when specifically talking about the process of mixing or reacting a substance with sulfate ions or compounds to form a new product. This is more precise than just saying 'sulfate'.

• The mineral is combined with sulfate during the extraction process.
• Iron can react with sulfuric acid to combine with sulfate and form iron sulfate.