Sterilization: meaning, definitions and examples

Use when referring to a process that eliminates all forms of life, including bacteria, viruses, and spores, typically in medical or laboratory settings.

• Sterilization of surgical instruments is crucial to prevent infections

Use when referring to the process of eliminating most pathogenic microorganisms, especially harmful bacteria and viruses, usually on surfaces or objects, not necessarily all microorganisms.

• Disinfection of the kitchen surfaces is essential after preparing raw meat

Use in everyday contexts to describe a process that reduces the number of microbes to a safe level, typically related to cleaning practices in homes, restaurants, or public spaces.

• Sanitization of dining tables is performed regularly at the restaurant

Use when talking about the removal or neutralization of toxic agents, often used in environments exposed to hazardous materials or following a biological or chemical spill.

• Decontamination of the lab was necessary after the chemical spill

Used in the same context as above, reinforcing that it is a neutral term applicable to both genders.

• Sterilization procedures can vary depending on whether it’s for males or females

Specifically used for the sterilization procedure in men, where the vas deferens are cut or sealed to prevent sperm from entering the ejaculate. This is also a clinical term.

• He felt relieved after the vasectomy knowing they wouldn’t need other forms of contraception

Specifically used for the sterilization procedure in women, where the fallopian tubes are tied, cut, or sealed to prevent pregnancy. This is a clinical term.

• After consulting with her doctor, she decided to go through with tubal ligation

Often used in conversations about family planning to emphasize that the method is irreversible. This term is neutral.

• Permanent contraception was the best option for the couple after having their third child