Sterilizing: meaning, definitions and examples

Best used in medical and scientific contexts where complete elimination of all microorganisms, including spores, is necessary for safe operation.

• The surgical instruments are sterilized before each procedure.
• Sterilizing baby bottles is important to prevent infections.

Commonly used in everyday settings to describe the act of cleaning to kill most bacteria and viruses, especially on surfaces.

• Disinfecting kitchen counters is essential after preparing raw meat.
• Hospitals regularly disinfect high-touch areas to prevent the spread of germs.

Generally used in food preparation and hygiene contexts where reducing the number of harmful microbes to a safe level is the goal.

• Restaurants must sanitize tables between customers.
• Sanitizing your hands before eating can reduce the risk of illness.

Appropriate for situations where hazardous or toxic substances, including chemicals or radioactive materials, need to be removed to prevent harm.

• The hazmat team is decontaminating the area after the chemical spill.
• Special protocols are followed when decontaminating equipment exposed to radiation.