Reference: meaning, definitions and examples

When you mention a source of information, an event, or a particular piece of knowledge within your work. It can be used in both formal and informal writing.

• In his book, the author made several references to historical events
• Please make sure to include references at the end of your paper

When you formally note the source of information you used in academic or professional work. It is often required in research papers, articles, and legal documents.

• The citation for this article is found in the bibliography section
• Proper citation is essential to avoid plagiarism

When you refer to the origin of information, something or someone that provides information. It is a general term for where information is obtained from.

• The journalist verified the story with multiple sources
• Always check the reliability of your sources before citing them

When you acknowledge someone's contribution or an idea used in your work. Can also be used to recognize someone's achievements or roles in creative works.

• We need to give credit to the original author for this theory
• The film credits listed all the actors and crew members

Used again in a general sense when referencing someone who can vouch for you, particularly in a job or academic context; similar to the first 'reference' but can also imply the act of mentioning something.

• My former boss agreed to act as a reference for me
• Please reference the attached documents for more details

Used to describe a person who provides a reference, especially in the context of job applications or academic settings. This is similar to 'reference' but more formal.

• The hiring manager asked for contact details of my referees
• He has a referee who will vouch for his work ethic

Used when referring to someone you know who can provide information or assistance, often in networking or business settings.

• I have a contact in the marketing department who can help us with this project
• He’s a useful contact in the industry

Used when someone suggests or endorses another person for a specific role or opportunity, often in a formal manner.

• I got a letter of recommendation from my professor
• She gave me a strong recommendation for the promotion

Used when pointing to a source of information or a specific part of another work. Common in academic or formal settings.

• In his paper, John made several references to the original study
• The guidebook references many local landmarks

Used in academic writing when formally giving credit to sources. It shows the origin of specific information or ideas.

• You need to cite all the articles you used in your research
• She cited several authors to support her argument

Used in casual or informal settings when briefly bringing up a subject, person, or source without going into detail.

• She mentioned your name during the meeting
• He didn't go into detail, just mentioned it in passing

Used when acknowledging someone's contribution or recognizing their work. Often used in a positive context to show appreciation.

• The director credited the entire team for the project's success
• She always gives credit to her sources