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Polarity Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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polarity

[pəˈlær.ɪ.ti ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

scientific concept

Polarity refers to the separation of electric charges leading to a molecular or atomic structure that has distinct positive and negative ends. In chemistry, it describes how certain molecules, like water, exhibit partial positive and negative charges due to differences in electronegativity among atoms. This property is crucial for understanding interactions between different substances, as polar molecules tend to interact well with other polar substances, while nonpolar molecules do not. Polarity is also significant in fields such as physics and biology, influencing phenomena ranging from chemical reactions to cell membrane functions.

Synonyms

charge separation, dichotomy, directionality.

Examples of usage

  • Water molecules demonstrate polarity, making them excellent solvents.
  • The polarity of a molecule can affect its boiling point.
  • Understanding the polarity of compounds is essential in organic chemistry.
  • Polarity influences how substances mix together.

Translations

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Origin of 'polarity'

The term 'polarity' originated from the Latin word 'polaris', meaning 'of the poles', which refers to the north and south poles of a magnet or planet. It is derived from the Greek word 'polos', meaning 'pivot' or 'axis'. The term began to be used in the early 19th century in the context of electricity and magnetism to denote the oppositional characteristics of electric charges and magnetic poles. As scientific understanding evolved, the term was adopted in various fields, including chemistry, where it describes the distribution of electrical charge within molecules. Over time, 'polarity' has grown to encompass broader meanings, including descriptions of oppositional forces or characteristics in various contexts.

Word Frequency Rank

Ranked #11,276, this word falls into high-advanced vocabulary. It appears less frequently but is valuable for expressing precise meanings in specific contexts.