Phlegm: meaning, definitions and examples

Phlegm is used to describe a thick substance that is produced in the respiratory passages, especially during illness. It often refers to mucus drained from the back of the nose, throat, and lungs, typically when someone has a cold or an infection.

• After a week of coughing, she started producing a lot of phlegm.
• Drinking warm tea can help loosen phlegm in your throat.

Mucus refers to a slippery secretion produced by the mucous membranes. It can be found not just in the respiratory tract but also in other parts of the body like the digestive and reproductive systems. It can be watery, gel-like, or sticky and serves protective functions.

• The body produces more mucus when you're sick to help trap and remove bacteria and viruses.
• Mucus lines the stomach walls to protect them from digestive acids.

Sputum specifically refers to mucus that has been coughed up from the lower airways (lungs and bronchi). It is usually used in a medical context to diagnose respiratory conditions and can contain not only mucus but also pus, bacteria, and other particles.

• The doctor asked for a sputum sample to check for bacterial infection.
• Coughing up green or yellow sputum can be a sign of infection.

Phlegm is often used in a medical or literal context to describe mucus or thick fluid produced by the respiratory tract. It can also describe a person who remains calm and unemotional in difficult situations, although this usage is less common.

• The doctor asked if you were coughing up any phlegm.
• Despite the chaos around him, he maintained his phlegm and gave clear instructions.

Calm is commonly used to describe a state of peace and tranquility, either emotionally or physically. It is often used in everyday language to suggest a lack of agitation or excitement.

• She took a few deep breaths to stay calm before her speech.
• The lake was calm and still, reflecting the clear sky above.

Composed describes someone who is visibly in control of their emotions and behavior, especially in stressful situations. It is often used to highlight someone's poise under pressure.

• Even with all the cameras pointed at her, she remained composed.
• He delivered the bad news in a composed manner, ensuring everyone understood the situation.