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Paganism Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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paganism

[หˆpeษชษกษ™nษชzษ™m ]

Definitions

Context #1 | Noun

religion

Paganism refers to a range of spiritual and religious beliefs and practices that are not part of the major world religions. It is often associated with nature worship, polytheism, and ancient traditions. Paganism can encompass a diverse array of beliefs and practices, including Wicca, Druidry, and Heathenry.

Synonyms

heathenism, nature worship, polytheism.

Which Synonym Should You Choose?

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Word Description / Examples
paganism

Generally used to refer to ancient religions that are not part of the major monotheistic traditions. This term is general and can have a neutral, academic tone.

  • The study of ancient paganism reveals a lot about early human beliefs.
  • Paganism often includes a variety of gods and rituals.
heathenism

Usually carries a negative connotation and is often used by followers of monotheistic religions to describe non-believers or those practicing non-Abrahamic religions.

  • He was accused of heathenism for rejecting the town's religious practices.
  • The missionaries aimed to eradicate heathenism in the region.
polytheism

Describes the belief in or worship of multiple deities, typically used in a neutral or academic context.

  • Ancient Greek religion is an example of polytheism.
  • Polytheism often involves a pantheon of gods, each with specific roles.
nature worship

Specifically refers to religious practices that involve veneration of natural elements like the sun, moon, water, or earth. This term is descriptive and neutral.

  • Nature worship was common among many indigenous tribes.
  • Their rituals often included elements of nature worship.

Examples of usage

  • Many modern pagans celebrate the cycles of the seasons.
  • Paganism often involves rituals that honor the earth and its natural elements.
  • Some pagans worship multiple deities from various mythologies.
Context #2 | Noun

derogatory

In some contexts, Paganism can be used as a derogatory term to imply backwardness or primitiveness. It may be employed to dismiss non-mainstream beliefs or practices as irrational or uncivilized.

Synonyms

barbarism, heathenism, uncivilized.

Which Synonym Should You Choose?

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Word Description / Examples
paganism

Paganism refers to religious beliefs and practices that are outside the dominant world religions, especially those that predate Christianity. It is often used in a neutral or positive sense to describe ancient or contemporary polytheistic religions.

  • She has a deep interest in the history of paganism.
  • Modern paganism includes a variety of nature-based spiritual practices.
heathenism

Heathenism is similar to paganism but usually has a more negative or derogatory tone, often used historically to describe non-Abrahamic (non-Jewish, non-Christian, non-Islamic) religious practices. It can also imply ignorance or perceived lack of enlightenment.

  • Missionaries aimed to eradicate heathenism and convert people to Christianity.
  • He accused them of practicing heathenism due to their unusual rituals.
barbarism

Barbarism is used to describe a state or condition of being barbaric, often implying a lack of civilization, culture, or morality. It carries a strongly negative connotation and is often used in criticism of actions or behaviors viewed as savage or cruel.

  • The act of looting and destroying the ancient city was seen as barbarism.
  • The dictator's regime was known for its barbarism and disregard for human rights.
uncivilized

Uncivilized is used to describe societies or individuals that are perceived to lack cultural, moral, or social development. It is often used pejoratively to denote primitiveness or barbarity.

  • The explorers viewed the native tribes as uncivilized.
  • Such brutal acts of violence are considered uncivilized behavior.

Examples of usage

  • The term 'paganism' has been historically used to denigrate traditional spiritual practices.
  • Some individuals use 'paganism' as a pejorative to criticize beliefs outside of established religions.

Translations

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Interesting Facts

Historical Context

  • Many ancient civilizations practiced some form of paganism, including the Greeks, Romans, and Celts, each with their own unique rituals and gods.
  • During the Middle Ages, pagan beliefs were often suppressed by the spread of Christianity, leading to conflicts and the labeling of pagans as heretics.
  • In the modern era, there has been a resurgence of interest in pagan practices, often referred to as neo-paganism, which seeks to reconnect with ancient traditions.

Cultural Impact

  • Pagan festivals like Beltane and Samhain continue to influence modern holidays, such as Halloween and May Day, showcasing the enduring legacy of these traditions.
  • Art and literature throughout history have drawn inspiration from pagan themes, with many classic works exploring the relationship between humanity and nature.
  • Today's pop culture often references elements of paganism, such as in music, movies, and literature, highlighting its continued relevance.

Psychological Perspectives

  • Studies suggest that engaging in nature-based spiritual practices can have positive psychological effects, acting as a source of comfort and community.
  • Many followers find connection and meaning through pagan rituals, which can lead to increased personal fulfillment and happiness.
  • The diversity of pagan beliefs allows individuals to create a personal spirituality that resonates with their values and experiences.

Contemporary Practices

  • Modern paganism encompasses a variety of movements, including Wicca, Druidry, and Heathenry, each with different beliefs, rituals, and deities.
  • Eclectic paganism allows individuals to draw from various traditions and practices, creating a hybrid form of spirituality that fits their personal beliefs.
  • A common theme among many modern pagan groups is a strong reverence for the Earth and an emphasis on sustainability and environmental stewardship.

Origin of 'paganism'

Main points about word origin

  • The term 'pagan' comes from the Latin word 'paganus', meaning 'country dweller' or 'rural person', which originally described people who practiced old religions.
  • In ancient Rome, 'pagan' was used to describe those who continued the old polytheistic traditions as Christianity spread.
  • The concept evolved to include beliefs that are outside the major monotheistic religions, like Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.

The term 'paganism' originated from the Latin word 'paganus,' which initially meant 'country dweller' or 'rustic.' It was later used by early Christians to refer to non-Christians, particularly those who practiced polytheistic religions. Over time, the term evolved to encompass a wide range of non-Abrahamic spiritual beliefs and practices. Today, Paganism is recognized as a diverse and complex umbrella term that includes various nature-based and polytheistic traditions.

See also: neopaganism.

Word Frequency Rank

Positioned at #20,468, this word is part of extensive vocabulary. It's relatively rare in general usage but may be important in specific fields or formal writing.