Outcrop: meaning, definitions and examples

Outcrop is used to describe a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient geological formations that can be seen at the Earth's surface. It is commonly used in geological contexts when referring to areas where rock beneath the surface is exposed.

• The limestone outcrop was clearly visible along the mountainside
• Geologists examined the outcrop to study the stratification

Exposure is a more general term used to describe any instance where rock or soil surfaces are visible, often due to erosion or excavation. It is frequently used in both geological contexts and construction or mining.

• The excavation revealed a significant exposure of granite
• Weathering had created an exposure of the ancient layers underneath

Rock formation refers to the specific arrangement or structure of rocks, created through geological processes over time. It is suitable for discussing both natural formations and named geological phenomena.

• The Grand Canyon is famous for its impressive rock formations
• Scientists studied the unique rock formation to understand the region’s geological past

Outcropping refers specifically to the process of rock appearing at the surface of the Earth, or it can be used to describe a rock that is, or has, outcropped. This term is somewhat less common and more specialized compared to 'outcrop'.

• The outcropping rocks created a natural barrier along the coast
• During the hike, they came across various outcroppings that provided clues about the area's geological history

Used when referring to the appearance of geological formations, such as rocks or minerals, at the Earth's surface.

• The hikers discovered a beautiful rock outcrop along the trail
• The outcrop revealed layers of ancient sediment

Used when something becomes visible or known after being hidden or unknown. Can be used in both literal and metaphorical situations.

• The submarine emerged from the depths of the ocean
• After months of research, new details began to emerge

Used when something is sticking out from a surface or an object. This word often carries a physical connotation.

• The branch protruded from the side of the tree
• The handle of the knife protruded from the drawer

Used for something that is moving upwards or going up in level or amount. Often used in both physical and abstract contexts.

• The sun rises in the east
• Gas prices continue to rise every month