Hormone Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
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hormone
[หhษหrmoสn ]
Definition
biological function
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands in the body. They regulate various physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, and mood. Hormones travel through the bloodstream to target organs or tissues, where they exert their effects. Each hormone has specific functions and effects, contributing significantly to homeostasis in the body. Imbalances in hormone levels can lead to various health issues.
Synonyms
bioactive substance, chemical messenger, endocrine secretion.
Examples of usage
- Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.
- The hormone estrogen is crucial for female reproductive health.
- Stress can trigger the release of adrenaline, a hormone that prepares the body for fight or flight.
- Thyroid hormones play a vital role in metabolism regulation.
Translations
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Interesting Facts
Biology
- Hormones are produced by glands, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid, and pancreas, impacting many bodily functions.
- Some hormones, like insulin, help control blood sugar levels, while others regulate growth and mood.
Psychology
- Hormones can influence emotions; for example, serotonin is often called the 'feel-good' hormone.
- Changes in hormone levels, such as during puberty or menopause, can strongly affect emotional well-being and mental health.
Pop Culture
- The 'hormonal' behavior stereotype often depicts teenagers as moody or unpredictable due to hormonal changes.
- In popular media, hormones are frequently linked to romance, as many cultures associate them with attraction and love.
Health
- Hormonal imbalances can lead to various health issues, including weight gain, fatigue, and mood fluctuations.
- Many people turn to lifestyle changes or medications to manage hormonal disorders, highlighting the importance of these chemicals in health.
Origin of 'hormone'
Main points about word origin
- The word 'hormone' comes from the Greek word 'hormonein', meaning 'to excite' or 'to stir up'.
- The term was first used in the early 20th century as scientists began to understand these body's chemical messengers.
The term 'hormone' originates from the Greek word 'hormลn', which means 'to set in motion'. It was first introduced into the scientific lexicon in the late 19th century, during a period of significant advancements in biology and medicine. The understanding of hormones emerged as researchers began to discover that certain substances released by glands in the body could produce effects on distant organs and tissues. The first hormone to be discovered was secretin, in 1902, which was identified by novel studies conducted by William Bayliss and Ernest Starling. The term has since evolved to encompass a wide range of bioactive molecules, contributing to a deeper understanding of physiological regulation and interactions within the human body. As science advanced, so did the understanding of hormones, leading to significant breakthroughs in medicine and treatment of hormonal disorders.