Foundations: meaning, definitions and examples

Use 'foundations' when referring to the underlying basis or principle for something, especially in an abstract or metaphorical sense, as well as the structural support of a building.

• The foundations of the house were checked thoroughly for any cracks.
• Good communication forms the foundations of a healthy relationship.
• The foundations of the theory were laid out clearly in the paper.

Use 'base' when referring to the lowest part of something or the main element that something depends on or is built around. It's commonly used in both physical and abstract contexts.

• The lamp has a heavy base to keep it stable.
• The base of the mountain was covered in thick forest.
• Trust is the base of any successful team.

The word 'footing' is used to describe a secure position, either literally, like a place to stand, or metaphorically, meaning stability or balance in a situation. It also refers to the foundation of a structure in construction.

• He struggled to regain his footing on the slippery surface.
• The company is on a strong financial footing.
• The builders completed the footing before starting the walls.

Use 'underpinning' when referring to the structural support beneath a building or the fundamental basis that supports an idea, system, or process.

• The underpinning of the bridge needed reinforcement after the earthquake.
• Her argument lacked solid underpinning and was easily refuted.
• The new policy has strong economic underpinning.

Used when talking about the underlying support or base of a physical structure, organization, or idea. Often implies something essential and strong.

• Laying the foundations for a new building; The foundations of democracy

Refers to the main reason or principle that explains or supports something, typically used in a more abstract sense.

• The basis of their argument is logical; The company's success is on a solid basis

Refers to preliminary or initial work that forms the foundation for future efforts, often used in planning or project scenarios.

• She laid the groundwork for the project; The groundwork has been set for future research

Often used metaphorically to indicate the essential and foundational element of a larger system or concept. Implies something critical and irreplaceable.

• Trust is the cornerstone of any healthy relationship; Education is the cornerstone of society