Communism Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
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communism
[ˈkɒmjunɪzəm ]
Definition
political ideology
Communism is a political and economic ideology that envisions a classless society in which all property and means of production are owned communally, rather than by individuals. This system seeks to eliminate the disparities between the rich and the poor, as well as the exploitation inherent in capitalist societies. Advocates believe this collective ownership fosters equality and eliminates social hierarchies. The philosophy is grounded in the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, particularly the 'Communist Manifesto', and is characterized by the abolition of private property and the establishment of a stateless, egalitarian society.
Synonyms
Marxism, collectivism, socialism.
Examples of usage
- The rise of communism in the 20th century transformed many nations.
- He studies the principles of communism in political theory.
- Communism aims for a society without social classes.
- The communist manifesto outlined the goals of the movement.
Translations
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Origin of 'communism'
The term 'communism' derives from the French word 'communisme', which was popularized in the mid-19th century. The roots can be traced back to the Latin word 'communis', meaning 'common', 'public', or 'shared by all'. The ideology emerged as a response to the inequalities brought about by capitalism, particularly during the Industrial Revolution. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels articulated the principles of communism in the 'Communist Manifesto' in 1848, which outlined the class struggle and the need for a revolution to overthrow capitalist societies. Throughout the 20th century, various countries adopted communist principles, most notably the Soviet Union under Lenin and later Stalin, as well as China under Mao Zedong. These implementations, however, often diverged from Marx's original vision, leading to different interpretations and practices of communism worldwide.