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Cation Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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cation

[ˈkæt.aɪ.ən ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

chemistry terms

A cation is a positively charged ion that is formed when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons. This process results in an imbalance between the number of protons and electrons, leading to a net positive charge. Cations play a crucial role in various chemical reactions, particularly in ionic compounds, where they typically bond with anions, which are negatively charged ions. They are essential in processes such as electrolysis and are commonly found in all forms of matter, including liquids, solids, and gases.

Synonyms

charged particle, ionic species, positive ion.

Examples of usage

  • Sodium cations are essential for nerve transmission.
  • In the presence of water, cations and anions dissociate.
  • Using cations in battery technology improves efficiency.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Science

  • Cations are formed when an atom loses electrons, which are negatively charged particles, leading to a net positive charge.
  • Common examples of cations include sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), and potassium (K+), all essential for various biological processes.
  • In solutions, cations play a crucial role in maintaining charge balance and electrical conductivity, which is vital for cell function.

Chemistry

  • Cations are often found in conjunction with anions, which are negatively charged, and they combine to form neutral compounds like table salt (NaCl).
  • In electrochemistry, the movement of cations towards the cathode is vital for battery operation and energy storage.

Education

  • Understanding cations is fundamental in chemistry classes, particularly in the study of ionic compounds and reactions.
  • Many educational programs use models or simulations to show how cations interact with other particles in chemical reactions.

Biology

  • Cations are crucial for life; for instance, calcium cations are vital for muscle contraction and nerve transmission in the human body.
  • Plants absorb cations from the soil, which are necessary for their growth and reproduction.

Origin of 'cation'

Main points about word origin

  • The word 'cation' comes from the Greek word 'kation,' which means 'to go down,' reflecting its movement towards the negative electrode in experiments.
  • The concept was introduced in the early 19th century when scientists began classifying ions based on their electrical charge.

The term 'cation' originates from the late 19th century, derived from the Greek word 'katia' which means 'down' and the suffix 'ion', which implies movement. This term was coined to describe ions that move towards the cathode in an electrochemical cell during the process of electrolysis. The concept emerged as a crucial part of chemistry, especially in understanding the behavior of ions in different chemical environments. Over time, the usage of 'cation' expanded to not only refer to positive ions in solutions but also their roles in various scientific disciplines such as biochemistry and environmental science, highlighting their importance in biological processes and their impact on ecological systems.

Word Frequency Rank

Position #8,934 indicates this is an advanced-level word. While not essential for basic communication, it will enhance your ability to understand and create more nuanced content.