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Albumin Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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albumin

[ˈæl.bjʊ.mɪn ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry

Albumin is a family of globular proteins that are soluble in water and possess the ability to maintain oncotic pressure in the blood. They play a crucial role in the transportation of various substances, including hormones, vitamins, and drugs throughout the body. In humans, serum albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, accounting for about half of the total protein in blood plasma. It is produced mainly in the liver and can be influenced by physiological conditions, such as liver disease or inflammation.

Synonyms

globulin, plasma protein, serum albumin.

Examples of usage

  • The doctor ordered a blood test to measure albumin levels.
  • Low albumin levels may indicate liver dysfunction.
  • Albumin is essential for maintaining proper osmotic pressure.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Biology

  • Albumin plays a crucial role in maintaining osmotic pressure, which is vital for keeping fluids where they belong.
  • It can bind various substances, such as hormones, vitamins, and drugs, helping to transport them through the bloodstream.

Medicine

  • Measuring albumin levels in blood or urine can help diagnose kidney and liver diseases.
  • Low albumin levels may indicate malnutrition or chronic illnesses.

Nutrition

  • Albumin can be found in various foods, especially in egg whites and dairy products, making them important for protein intake.
  • Athletes often focus on protein sources, including those rich in albumin, to support muscle repair and growth.

Innovations

  • Albumin is used in medical treatments and therapies, including drug delivery systems that enhance the effects of medications.
  • Scientists are researching synthetic albumin for use in blood transfusions and other medical applications to improve safety.

Origin of 'albumin'

Main points about word origin

  • Derived from the Latin word 'albus', meaning 'white', because it was first discovered in egg whites.
  • The term was introduced in the 19th century when scientists began to categorize proteins.

The term 'albumin' comes from the Latin word 'albumen,' which means 'white of an egg,' a reference to the protein's white appearance when isolated. This term was first used in scientific literature in the early 19th century as researchers began to identify and categorize the proteins found in various biological fluids. The association of albumin with eggs underscores its role as a key source of protein in many organisms. Over time, the understanding of albumin's functions expanded beyond mere structure to include its critical roles in nutrition and physiology, particularly in human health. Albumin's importance in medicinal contexts has also been recognized, with its application in treatments for conditions like hypoalbuminemia, where low levels can lead to serious health issues.

Word Frequency Rank

Ranked #10,528, this word falls into high-advanced vocabulary. It appears less frequently but is valuable for expressing precise meanings in specific contexts.