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Polyphenol: meaning, definitions and examples

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polyphenol

 

[ pəˈlɪfɪˌnoʊl ]

Noun
Context #1 | Noun

nutrition science

Polyphenols are a category of compounds that occur naturally in plants, known for their antioxidant properties and potential health benefits. They play a role in the prevention of various diseases and are abundant in foods like fruits, vegetables, tea, and red wine.

Synonyms

antioxidants, flavonoids, phytonutrients

Examples of usage

  • Polyphenols found in dark chocolate can improve heart health.
  • Green tea is rich in polyphenols, which may help reduce inflammation.
  • Research suggests that polyphenols can enhance brain function.
  • Eating a diet high in polyphenols may lower the risk of chronic diseases.

Etymology

The term 'polyphenol' originates from the Greek words 'poly' meaning many and 'phenol,' which refers to a type of organic compound that consists of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Polyphenols are characterized by their multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups, which contribute to their chemical structure and biological activity. They were first identified in the mid-19th century when chemists began studying the chemical compounds found in plant materials. The recognition of their health benefits has grown significantly since the 1980s, particularly due to research highlighting their antioxidant properties and potential role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Today, polyphenols are widely studied in nutritional science, pharmacology, and biochemistry for their various health-promoting effects.

Word Frequency Rank

This word's position of #34,457 indicates it's among the more rare English words. While understanding it broadens your vocabulary, focus on more common words first.