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Phalanx Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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phalanx

[หˆfeษชlรฆล‹ks ]

Definitions

Context #1 | Noun

military formation

In ancient warfare, a phalanx refers to a closely packed formation of troops, typically armed with spears and shields, which provided a strong defensive structure. This formation was mainly used by Greek armies and allowed for coordinated attacks against the enemy. The phalanx required discipline among soldiers to ensure that they moved and fought as a single unit, making it highly effective in battle. The concept of the phalanx has also been adopted in discussions about modern tactics and organization in military strategy.

Synonyms

array, formation, line.

Examples of usage

  • The Greek phalanx was a revolutionary military formation.
  • During the battle, the soldiers maintained a tight phalanx.
  • The general ordered the troops to form a phalanx before engaging the enemy.
  • Phalanx tactics were pivotal in ancient Greek warfare.
Context #2 | Noun

anatomy

In anatomy, a phalanx refers to any of the bones in the fingers and toes. There are three phalanges in each finger and two in each thumb, forming a key part of the skeletal system that aids in movement and dexterity. The phalanges are categorized into proximal, middle, and distal phalanges based on their position. The structure and arrangement of the phalanges are crucial for the functionality of the hands and feet.

Synonyms

bone, digit bone.

Examples of usage

  • The doctor examined the broken phalanx.
  • Each finger has three phalanges.
  • The phalanx structure allows for a wide range of motion.
  • Injury to the phalanx can affect hand functionality.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Historical Origins

  • The term comes from ancient Greek, where it described a military formation used by Greek city-states around 700 BC.
  • Phalanxes were famously employed by the Macedonian army under Alexander the Great, helping him achieve numerous victories.
  • The formation's effectiveness relied on long spears called sarissas, which allowed soldiers to strike enemies from a distance.

Military Tactics

  • This formation allowed armies to create a nearly impenetrable barrier against enemy attacks, particularly in the front lines.
  • Fighting in a phalanx required intense discipline and coordination; soldiers had to move as one unit to be effective.
  • The triangular formation at the back was often used to protect the vulnerable spots and launch counterattacks.

Cultural References

  • The concept of a phalanx has transcended the battlefield and is often used metaphorically in literature and politics to describe groups working in unity.
  • In modern contexts, you might hear 'phalanx' in discussions about social movements, referring to collective strength in numbers.

Science

  • Interestingly, the term is also used in biology to describe a group of closely related cells or organisms, showcasing the idea of 'closeness' in different fields.
  • In anatomy, 'phalanx' refers to the bones in the fingers and toes, which directly relates to movement and dexterity in humans.

Origin of 'phalanx'

The word 'phalanx' originates from the Latin term 'phalanx,' which in turn is derived from the Greek word 'ฯ†ฮฌฮปฮฑฮณฮพ' (phalรกnx). The word has its roots in ancient Greek military history, where it referred to a troop formation used in battle. The classical phalanx was characterized by soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder, creating a wall of shields and projecting spears, which offered protection and strength in combat. This distinctive military tactic can be traced back to the 5th century BC, particularly among the city-states of Greece. The term has since evolved and is utilized in modern contexts, including anatomy, where it describes the bones in the fingers and toes. The dual meaning of 'phalanx' in both military and anatomical contexts demonstrates the interconnectedness of language and culture over time.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #17,836, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.