Finesentence mobile logo
Sign in Login / Register

Neurotransmitter Meaning: Definition and Examples

🧠
Add to dictionary

neurotransmitter

[ˌnʊəroʊˈtrænsmɪtər ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biological science

A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that transmits signals across a synapse from one neuron to another in the nervous system. These substances play crucial roles in communicating information throughout the body, affecting functions such as mood, sleep, and cognition.

Synonyms

chemical messenger, neural transmitter.

Examples of usage

  • Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter involved in reward and pleasure.
  • Serotonin levels can influence mood and emotional well-being.
  • The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is essential for muscle movement.
  • Research is ongoing into the effects of neurotransmitters on mental health.

Interesting Facts

Biology

  • There are over 100 types of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, each playing unique roles in body functions.
  • Dopamine is often termed the 'feel-good' neurotransmitter, as it’s linked to pleasure and reward mechanisms in the brain.

Health and Medicine

  • Imbalances in neurotransmitter levels can lead to mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety.
  • Certain medications, known as antidepressants, work by increasing the levels of specific neurotransmitters to help improve mood.

Psychology

  • The study of neurotransmitters helps psychologists understand behavior changes, such as why someone feels anxious or relaxed.
  • Research shows that social interactions can influence neurotransmitter levels, affecting our mood and feelings of connection.

Pop Culture

  • TV shows and movies often portray neurotransmitters as 'mood chemicals', affecting heroes' feelings. This portrayal can lead to a better understanding of mental health issues.
  • Songs and books sometimes reference feelings tied to neurotransmitters, like love or sadness, bringing awareness to emotional health.

Origin of 'neurotransmitter'

Main points about word origin

  • The term combines 'neuro' (from Greek for 'nerve') and 'transmitter' (from Latin meaning 'to send across').
  • It traces back to the early 20th century when researchers began to connect signals in the nervous system to chemicals.

The term 'neurotransmitter' originated in the early 20th century, combining the prefix 'neuro-' from the Greek word 'neuron', meaning 'nerve', and 'transmitter', derived from the Latin word 'transmittere', meaning 'to send across'. The study of neurotransmitters gained significant importance with the advances in neuroscience and psychology, particularly in understanding the complex interactions within the nervous system and their implications for behavior and health. The scientific exploration of these chemical messengers has led to the discovery of many different types, each playing a unique role in neurophysiology. Research into neurotransmitters has also contributed to the development of various medical treatments aimed at addressing neurological disorders, further honing our understanding of these vital biological compounds.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #19,704, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.