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Neurotransmitter: meaning, definitions and examples

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neurotransmitter

 

[ ˌnʊəroʊˈtrænsmɪtər ]

Noun
Context #1 | Noun

biological science

A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that transmits signals across a synapse from one neuron to another in the nervous system. These substances play crucial roles in communicating information throughout the body, affecting functions such as mood, sleep, and cognition.

Synonyms

chemical messenger, neural transmitter.

Examples of usage

  • Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter involved in reward and pleasure.
  • Serotonin levels can influence mood and emotional well-being.
  • The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is essential for muscle movement.
  • Research is ongoing into the effects of neurotransmitters on mental health.

Etymology

The term 'neurotransmitter' originated in the early 20th century, combining the prefix 'neuro-' from the Greek word 'neuron', meaning 'nerve', and 'transmitter', derived from the Latin word 'transmittere', meaning 'to send across'. The study of neurotransmitters gained significant importance with the advances in neuroscience and psychology, particularly in understanding the complex interactions within the nervous system and their implications for behavior and health. The scientific exploration of these chemical messengers has led to the discovery of many different types, each playing a unique role in neurophysiology. Research into neurotransmitters has also contributed to the development of various medical treatments aimed at addressing neurological disorders, further honing our understanding of these vital biological compounds.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #19,704, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.