Microorganism: meaning, definitions and examples

Used in scientific or general contexts when referring to any microscopic organism, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

• Scientists are studying various microorganisms to understand their impacts on human health.
• Microorganisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter in the environment.

A general term that can refer to any microscopic organism, similar to 'microorganism'. Often used in scientific or medical contexts.

• Microbes in the gut microbiome are essential for digestion.
• The soil is teeming with various microbes that are important for plant growth.

Commonly used in everyday language to refer to microorganisms that cause disease. Often has a negative connotation.

• Wash your hands frequently to avoid spreading germs.
• The school was closed for a day for deep cleaning to eradicate germs.

Specifically refers to single-celled microorganisms that can be beneficial or harmful. Commonly used in medical, biological, and scientific contexts.

• The bacterium responsible for causing strep throat is called Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Researchers discovered a new bacterium that helps in decomposing plastic waste.

Refers to a group of microorganisms that includes yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Often used in biological or ecological contexts.

• The fungus that grows on old bread is known as mold.
• A beneficial fungus, Penicillium, is used to produce antibiotics.