Metaloid Meaning: Definition and Examples
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metaloid
[ˈmɛtəˌlɔɪd ]
Definition
chemical element
A metalloid is an element that has properties intermediate between metals and non-metals. They are typically semiconductors and are used in various electronic devices. Metalloids can form alloys with metals and show a mix of physical and chemical properties.
Synonyms
metalloid element, semimetal.
Examples of usage
- Silicon is a common metalloid used in electronics.
- Boron acts as a metalloid in its reactions.
- Arsenic is classified as a metalloid.
- Germanium is essential in semiconductor technology.
Interesting Facts
Chemistry
- Metalloids typically have a metallic luster but are brittle and not malleable, which makes them different from true metals.
- Common metalloids include elements like silicon and arsenic, which play key roles in technology and biology.
Technology
- Silicon, a metalloid, is fundamental in the computer industry, making up computer chips and solar panels.
- Metalloids can conduct electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals, making them useful in semiconductors.
Environmental Science
- Some metalloids, like arsenic, can be toxic and are monitored for safety in water supplies.
- Metalloids can be found in various natural minerals, impacting ecosystem health and biodiversity.
Pop Culture
- In popular science fiction, materials that resemble metals but behave differently often appear in futuristic technologies.
- The word 'metalloid' might not be common in everyday language, but it's important in discussions about materials science in movies and books.
Origin of 'metaloid'
Main points about word origin
- The term comes from the Greek word 'metalloidēs', meaning 'resembling metal'.
- It was first used in the 19th century as scientists began to categorize elements based on their features.
The term 'metalloid' connotes a combination of properties associated with both metals and nonmetals. Coined in the early 19th century from the Greek 'meta' meaning 'beyond' or 'change', and 'lithos' meaning 'stone', it refers to the intermediate state of these elements. Initially, metalloids were categorized as those elements that exhibited metallic properties alongside the characteristics seen in nonmetals. The classification was solidified as chemistry evolved, allowing scientists to better understand the bonding and behavior of these elements in compounds and their industrial applications. Elements like boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium are modern-day examples classified under this term. The growing field of semiconductors in the 20th century further highlighted the importance of metalloids in technology.