Meritocracy Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
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meritocracy
[ˌmɛrɪˈtɒkrəsi ]
Definition
social system
Meritocracy is a social system in which individuals are rewarded and advanced based on their abilities, talents, and achievements rather than their social status or wealth. It promotes the idea that success should be based on merit, allowing for equal opportunities for all participants. The term reflects a belief in fairness and the potential for individuals to rise through the ranks based on their own efforts. While the concept is sought after in many societies, its application varies widely, often leading to debates about accessibility and inequality.
Synonyms
ability-based system, merit-based system, talentocracy.
Examples of usage
- The educational system is often viewed as a meritocracy.
- In a true meritocracy, everyone has the same opportunities.
- Critics argue that meritocracy can perpetuate existing inequalities.
- Corporate environments strive to create meritocratic workplaces.
Translations
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Interesting Facts
Political Theory
- Meritocracy proposes that society be organized by abilities, skills, and achievements to provide equal opportunities for all.
- Critics argue that it can create inequality, as not everyone starts on the same level, leading to the 'myth of meritocracy'.
- Some modern societies strive for a meritocratic approach in fields like education and employment to promote fairness.
Pop Culture
- Movies like 'The Pursuit of Happyness' showcase meritocracy by highlighting the journey of individuals overcoming obstacles through hard work.
- TV series such as 'The Good Place' explore moral and ethical implications of a meritocratic afterlife.
- Books like 'Outliers' by Malcolm Gladwell discuss how success often involves factors beyond individual merit.
Education
- Many educational systems emphasize meritocracy, rewarding students based on grades and achievements.
- This approach is thought to encourage hard work, but it also raises questions about access to resources and support for all students.
- Scholarships and talent searches are ways to promote a meritocratic model in education.
Psychology
- Research indicates that individuals in meritocratic systems may experience higher levels of stress and competition.
- The belief in meritocracy can lead to a 'just world' hypothesis, where people believe that everyone gets what they deserve.
- However, this belief can result in a lack of empathy for those who struggle despite effort, reinforcing social divides.
Origin of 'meritocracy'
Main points about word origin
- The term 'meritocracy' was first used in the 1950s by British sociologist Michael Young.
- It combines the Latin word 'meritum', meaning 'merit', with the suffix '-cracy', meaning 'rule or power'.
- Originally used in a satirical context, it criticized the growing focus on talent alone in society.
The term 'meritocracy' was first coined by British sociologist Michael Young in his 1958 book 'The Rise of the Meritocracy.' Young originally used the term in a satirical context, highlighting the potential dangers of a system that ranks individuals solely based on their merit, indicating that it could lead to a rigid caste of talented individuals who could become detached from the rest of society. 'Merit' comes from the Latin word 'meritum,' meaning 'worth' or 'deserving,' while the suffix '-cracy' is derived from the Greek 'kratos,' meaning 'power' or 'rule.' Together, they denote a system of governance or social organization based on individual merit, rather than hereditary privilege or wealth. Over time, the term has evolved, and while it is often associated with positive ideals of fairness and opportunity, it has also sparked discussions about social mobility, privilege, and systemic barriers that can undermine the very meritocratic ideals it seeks to uphold.