Idioms: meaning, definitions and examples

Idioms are expressions whose meanings are not deducible from the literal meanings of the words that comprise them. They are often culturally specific and used in everyday conversation to express ideas in a figurative way.

• Kick the bucket - to pass away.
• Break a leg - to wish someone good luck.

Phrases are small groups of words that work together to create meaning but do not form a complete sentence. They can be idiomatic or non-idiomatic.

• Under the weather - feeling ill.
• Piece of cake - something very easy to do.

Expressions can be broader than idioms and include any common phrases or sayings used to convey an idea, feeling, or thought. They can be used in both formal and informal settings.

• A penny for your thoughts - asking someone what they are thinking.
• Once in a blue moon - something that happens very rarely.

Sayings are short, commonly known expressions that usually offer wisdom or advice. They often come from folklore or cultural traditions.

• The early bird catches the worm - success comes to those who prepare well.
• Practice makes perfect - consistent practice leads to improvement.

Use 'idioms' when referring to expressions whose meanings are not understandable from the meanings of their individual words. They are often specific to a particular language or culture.

• He kicked the bucket last night.
• It's raining cats and dogs.

Use 'collocation' when mentioning pairs or groups of words that are often used together. Collocations sound natural to native speakers and their correct use often improves language fluency.

• make a decision
• fast food
• pay attention

Use 'idiomatic expression' as a broader term encompassing idioms. These expressions have a figurative meaning separate from the literal meanings of the words within them.

• Spill the beans
• Break the ice
• Let the cat out of the bag

Use 'fixed expression' when describing a set phrase or sentence whose components do not change. These phrases are used as is without alteration.

• By and large
• All of a sudden
• As a matter of fact