Hacker: meaning, definitions and examples

The term 'hacker' can refer to both someone who breaks into computer systems (often illegally) and someone who uses their programming skills to solve problems. This word does not always have a negative connotation.

• 'He is a well-known hacker who can solve the most difficult programming challenges
• ' 'The company hired a hacker to test their security
• '

'Cybercriminal' specifically refers to someone who engages in criminal activities using computers and the internet. It always has a negative connotation.

• 'The police arrested a cybercriminal who was stealing personal data
• ' 'Cybercriminals often use ransomware to extort money from victims
• '

'Intruder' generally refers to someone who enters a place without permission, and in the cyber context, it relates to someone who illegally accesses computer systems. This term has a negative connotation.

• 'An intruder broke into the system last night
• ' 'They installed new security software to keep intruders out
• '

'Phreaker' is a term from the 1970s and 1980s that refers to someone who manipulates telephone systems to make free calls or gain unauthorized access. It has a somewhat outdated and niche usage.

• 'In the early days of hacking, phreakers would manipulate telephone systems
• ' 'Phreakers were the pioneers of what we now know as hacking
• '

Often used to refer to someone who breaks into computer systems, typically implying illegal or malicious activities. It carries a negative connotation in this context.

• The hacker managed to steal sensitive information from the company's database.
• Hacking into someone's account is illegal and punishable by law.

Similar to 'coder,' but generally implies a higher level of skill and often refers to someone who writes complex code and algorithms. It's a broader term that can include developers and software engineers.

• The programmer fixed the bug in the software quickly.
• She works as a programmer for a tech company, focusing on developing new software solutions.

Refers to a professional who designs, builds, and maintains software, applications, or systems. It suggests a higher level of proficiency and involvement in various stages of software development.

• The developer released a new version of the app with better features.
• As a web developer, he is responsible for both front-end and back-end development.

Commonly used to describe someone who writes code, especially at a basic or intermediate level. It doesn't necessarily imply professional expertise.

• She started as a coder before moving on to more advanced projects.
• Many coders learn through online tutorials and practice.

Appropriate in situations where someone is highly skilled at programming, often breaking into systems either for malicious intent or to find security vulnerabilities. Has a negative connotation if it implies illegal activities.

• The hacker broke into the company's database and stole sensitive information.
• White-hat hackers help organizations find security issues in their systems.

Ideal for situations where someone is very passionate and actively engaged in a particular activity or subject, but may not yet be an expert.

• As a tech enthusiast, she loves building her own computers.
• He's a cycling enthusiast who spends every weekend riding through the countryside.

Best used when referring to someone with a high level of knowledge or skill in a particular area. It suggests formal recognition of their expertise.

• The company hired an expert to optimize their network security.
• She's a renowned expert in renewable energy technologies.

Used to describe someone who is very interested in a particular topic and knows a lot about it. It’s often used informally and doesn't imply extreme levels of expertise.

• He's a real movie buff; he knows every detail about classic films.
• She's a history buff and loves visiting ancient ruins.