Distillation: meaning, definitions and examples

Distillation is mainly used in the context of separating liquids based on differences in their boiling points. This process is common in both laboratory settings and industrial applications, such as for purifying chemicals or producing alcoholic beverages.

• The distillation of crude oil produces various useful products like gasoline and diesel.
• We used distillation to separate ethanol from the fermentation mixture.

Separation is a general term used for processes that divide a mixture into two or more distinct parts. This can be achieved through different methods like filtration, centrifugation, or chemical processes, and is applicable in many scientific and industrial fields.

• The machine is designed for the separation of different grades of plastic.
• Separation of the components in a mixture allows for more precise chemical analysis.

Extraction refers to the process of separating one substance from a mixture using a solvent. This is often used in culinary, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries to isolate desired components.

• The extraction of essential oils from flowers requires specific techniques.
• They are working on the extraction of valuable minerals from ore.

Purification involves removing impurities from a substance to obtain a purified product. This term is broadly used in various fields like chemistry, water treatment, and even in purifying air.

• Water purification is essential for safe drinking water.
• The laboratory focused on the purification of the synthesized compound.

This word is typically used in scientific, industrial, and chemical processes where a substance is heated and then condensed to separate components based on boiling points.

• The distillation of crude oil produces gasoline, diesel, and other products.
• By using distillation, they were able to obtain pure water from seawater.

This term is used when the focus is on making something pure by removing contaminants. It can apply to water, air, or even metaphorically to behaviors or intentions.

• The purification of drinking water is essential for good health.
• The priest spoke about the purification of the soul.

Refinement is used when improving or making something more fine or sophisticated. It could be about a process, substance, or even improving skills or manners.

• The refinement of gold involves removing impurities to achieve high purity levels.
• His manners showed great refinement after years of etiquette lessons.

Use this term in contexts where the goal is to make something clear or easier to understand, often by removing confusion or impurities. It is common in both everyday language and technical processes like clarifying liquids.

• The teacher provided clarification on the complex topic.
• The clarification of the juice meant removing any pulp or sediment.