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Deuterium Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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deuterium

[djuːˈtɪərɪəm ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

chemistry, isotope

Deuterium is one of the two stable isotopes of hydrogen, represented by the symbol D or ²H. It contains one proton and one neutron in its nucleus, making it approximately twice as heavy as regular hydrogen. Deuterium is naturally present in all hydrogen sources, albeit in low concentrations (about 0.0156% of hydrogen in the oceans). It has various applications in nuclear fusion reactions and serves as a tracer in chemical research.

Synonyms

heavy hydrogen, ²H.

Examples of usage

  • Deuterium forms part of heavy water used in nuclear reactors.
  • The study of deuterium can provide insights into reaction mechanisms.
  • Scientists employ deuterium in spectroscopy to trace molecular pathways.

Translations

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Interesting Facts

Science

  • Deuterium is important in nuclear fusion research, as it can help power future clean energy sources.
  • In nature, deuterium makes up about 0.0156% of all hydrogen on Earth.
  • Because of its extra neutron, deuterium can be used in nuclear reactors and is vital for certain types of scientific experiments.

Applications

  • Deuterium is used in making heavy water (D2O), which is employed as a neutron moderator in some types of nuclear reactors.
  • It plays a role in the study of molecular structures through techniques like NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy.
  • In the field of medicine, deuterium is used in some drug formulations to improve the stability and efficacy of medications.

History

  • The discovery of deuterium opened up new shifts in the study of isotopes, leading to more advanced research in atomic and molecular physics.
  • During World War II, deuterium was sought after for its potential use in atomic research and weaponry efforts.

Pop Culture

  • Deuterium has appeared in several science fiction stories that explore advanced physics and energy sources.
  • Its unique properties have inspired discussions in various media regarding the future of sustainable energy.

Origin of 'deuterium'

Main points about word origin

  • The name 'deuterium' comes from the Greek word 'deuteros', meaning 'second', highlighting that it is the second isotope of hydrogen.
  • It was discovered in 1931 by Harold Urey, who used its unique properties for research in chemistry and physics.

The term 'deuterium' was coined in 1933 by Harold Urey, who was studying the isotopes of hydrogen at Columbia University. The name derives from the Greek word 'deuteros,' meaning 'second,' signifying its position as the second isotope of hydrogen. Urey's discovery was significant for its implications in both chemistry and physics, providing a clearer understanding of atomic structure. This led to the development of heavy water (D2O), which has applications in both nuclear technology and scientific research. Deuterium's unique properties have made it a critical element in various fields, including nuclear fusion, where its ability to participate in nuclear reactions plays a key role. Furthermore, its applications in tracing and labeling experiments have established it as an invaluable tool in both organic and inorganic chemistry.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #17,067, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.