Communitarianism Meaning: Definition and Examples
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communitarianism
[kəˌmjunɪˈtɛəriəˌnɪzəm ]
Definition
political philosophy
Communitarianism is a social and political philosophy that emphasizes the importance of community in the functioning of political life. It advocates for the idea that the individual is not an isolated entity, but rather is defined through his or her relationships with others in the community. Communitarianism seeks to balance individual rights with social responsibilities.
Synonyms
collectivism, communalism, communitarian philosophy.
Examples of usage
- The communitarianism movement emphasizes collective responsibilities.
- Communitarianism challenges the overly individualistic approach of liberal philosophy.
- Many scholars argue that communitarianism offers a more holistic view of society.
Interesting Facts
Politics
- Emerging during the 1980s, this belief system arose in response to the perceived excesses of liberal individualism.
- Political thinkers like Amitai Etzioni emphasized the importance of community and social responsibility within governance.
Philosophy
- Philosophers argue that humans are inherently social beings, and a sense of belonging is crucial for personal development.
- This worldview contrasts with theories that prioritize individual rights above community welfare, promoting a more balanced approach.
Cultural Impact
- This philosophy has influenced movements advocating for social justice, focusing on collective action for the common good.
- Literature often explores themes of community bonds, highlighting stories where individuals thrive within supportive networks.
Criticism
- Critics argue that too much focus on the community can undermine individual rights and freedoms.
- Others claim it can lead to conformity, discouraging diversity of thought and personal expression.
Origin of 'communitarianism'
Main points about word origin
- The term combines 'community,' which comes from the Latin 'communis' meaning 'shared by all,' and '-ism,' a suffix indicating a belief system.
- First used in the early 20th century, 'communitarianism' began to describe a philosophy focusing on community over individualism.
The term 'communitarianism' emerged in the late 20th century as a response to perceived shortcomings of liberalism, particularly its focus on individual rights at the expense of community values. The concept draws on a long history of thought that prioritizes communal relationships, dating back to philosophical traditions in ancient Greece and the social philosophies of the Enlightenment. Influential figures in the development of communitarianism include philosophers like Alasdair MacIntyre and Michael Sandel, who critically assessed the social implications of individualism and promoted a more integrated view of society that acknowledges the interdependence of individuals and communities. With globalization and rapid social changes, communitarianism gained traction as it advocated for values such as social responsibility and the common good, resonating with those seeking alternatives to the extremes of both individualism and collectivism.