Civilised: meaning, definitions and examples

Etymology

• The word comes from the Latin 'civilis', which relates to citizens and civic life.
• In the 18th century, 'civilised' began being used in English to describe societies with advanced systems, laws, and culture.
• Originally, it contrasted with 'savage', highlighting differences in behavior and social norms.

History

• The concept of being 'civilised' has evolved over time, with ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia and Egypt viewed as early examples of it due to their structured societies.
• During the Enlightenment, thinkers like Rousseau debated what it meant to be civilised, often contrasting it with natural human instincts.
• Colonialism misused the term to justify the domination of other cultures, claiming to 'civilise' indigenous peoples, which led to both cultural losses and resistance.

Culture

• In literature, many authors explore themes of civility versus savagery, such as in William Golding's 'Lord of the Flies' where children regress to primal behavior.
• Modern media often showcases civilised behavior in characters that embody social virtues, such as compassion, respect, and cooperation.
• Festivals and gatherings in various cultures often reflect civilised traditions that emphasize unity, kindness, and shared joy.

Psychology

• Research shows that civilised behavior is linked to concepts of empathy and altruism, key traits for functioning societies.
• Psychologically, the ability to act 'civilised' can enhance social bonds and reduce conflict among individuals.
• Developmental studies indicate that young children learn civilised behavior through observation and imitation of adults.

Philosophy

• Various philosophical theories question what it means to be civilised, often probing the moral implications of laws and societal norms.
• One prominent idea is that a civilised society is marked by justice, where the rights of individuals are respected and upheld.
• Philosophers like Kant believed that civility should be applied universally, ensuring respect for all individuals regardless of their background.

At position #14,467, this word is part of sophisticated English vocabulary. It's useful for academic or professional contexts where precise language is needed.

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