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Xanthine Meaning: Definition and Examples

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xanthine

[ˈzanˌθin ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry

Xanthine is a purine base that is an intermediate in the metabolism of purines in the body. It is formed from hypoxanthine and can be further oxidized to uric acid. Xanthine is found in various tissues and is excreted in urine, playing a significant role in the biochemical pathways of nucleic acids.

Synonyms

1H-purine-2,6-dione, 2,6-dihydroxy-8-oxopurine, xanthic acid.

Examples of usage

  • Xanthine is a product of purine metabolism.
  • The enzyme xanthine oxidase is responsible for converting xanthine into uric acid.
  • High levels of xanthine can lead to gout.
  • Xanthine derivatives are used in some pharmaceuticals.

Interesting Facts

Science

  • Xanthine is a purine base that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of purines, which are necessary for producing DNA and RNA.
  • It is a breakdown product of caffeine and can be converted into uric acid in the body.

Health

  • Inaccurate metabolization of xanthine can lead to health disorders, including conditions related to gout due to excess uric acid.
  • Xanthine derivatives are being studied for their potential effects on treating conditions like asthma and other respiratory issues.

Pop Culture

  • Coffee and tea, both rich in xanthine, have inspired countless songs, books, and art representing their cultural significance in daily life.
  • Caffeine, a related compound to xanthine, has influenced many parts of society, including coffee shops becoming popular meeting spots.

Literature

  • Many authors have noted the stimulating effects of coffee, often linking it to creativity and inspiration, reflecting the brain's response to xanthine.
  • Poets and writers have often mused about their relationships with coffee and tea, associating it with productivity and enlightenment.

Origin of 'xanthine'

Main points about word origin

  • The word 'xanthine' comes from the Greek 'xanthos', meaning 'yellow', which relates to its appearance.
  • It was first identified in the early 19th century in urine, highlighting its role in bodily functions.

The term 'xanthine' is derived from the Greek word 'xanthos,' which means 'yellow.' The name reflects the yellowish color of some compounds that contain xanthine. Xanthine was first discovered in the early 19th century as a component of urine. In the biochemical context, xanthine plays an essential role as an intermediate in the metabolic pathways of purines, which are critical for various biological processes including the synthesis of nucleic acids. The research around xanthine has led to the identification of its involvement in several health conditions, particularly gout and certain forms of kidney stones due to its relation to uric acid production. Understanding xanthine and its derivatives has also contributed to the development of therapeutic agents that target metabolic diseases.

Word Frequency Rank

At rank #27,531, this word represents specialized academic or technical vocabulary. It's less frequently encountered but may be valuable in specific contexts.