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Xanthine: meaning, definitions and examples

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xanthine

 

[ˈzanˌθin ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry

Xanthine is a purine base that is an intermediate in the metabolism of purines in the body. It is formed from hypoxanthine and can be further oxidized to uric acid. Xanthine is found in various tissues and is excreted in urine, playing a significant role in the biochemical pathways of nucleic acids.

Synonyms

1H-purine-2,6-dione, 2,6-dihydroxy-8-oxopurine, xanthic acid.

Examples of usage

  • Xanthine is a product of purine metabolism.
  • The enzyme xanthine oxidase is responsible for converting xanthine into uric acid.
  • High levels of xanthine can lead to gout.
  • Xanthine derivatives are used in some pharmaceuticals.

Interesting Facts

Etymology

  • The word 'xanthine' comes from the Greek 'xanthos', meaning 'yellow', which relates to its appearance.
  • It was first identified in the early 19th century in urine, highlighting its role in bodily functions.

Science

  • Xanthine is a purine base that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of purines, which are necessary for producing DNA and RNA.
  • It is a breakdown product of caffeine and can be converted into uric acid in the body.

Health

  • Inaccurate metabolization of xanthine can lead to health disorders, including conditions related to gout due to excess uric acid.
  • Xanthine derivatives are being studied for their potential effects on treating conditions like asthma and other respiratory issues.

Pop Culture

  • Coffee and tea, both rich in xanthine, have inspired countless songs, books, and art representing their cultural significance in daily life.
  • Caffeine, a related compound to xanthine, has influenced many parts of society, including coffee shops becoming popular meeting spots.

Literature

  • Many authors have noted the stimulating effects of coffee, often linking it to creativity and inspiration, reflecting the brain's response to xanthine.
  • Poets and writers have often mused about their relationships with coffee and tea, associating it with productivity and enlightenment.

Word Frequency Rank

At rank #27,531, this word represents specialized academic or technical vocabulary. It's less frequently encountered but may be valuable in specific contexts.