Trochlea: meaning, definitions and examples

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trochlea

[ˈtrɒk.li.ə ]

Definition

^{Context #1 | Noun}

anatomy

A trochlea is a spool-shaped structure in anatomy that acts like a pully on which a tendon can glide. It typically refers to a specific groove or structure in bones that allows for the smooth movement of bones across one another at joints. Most commonly, the term is used in relation to the humerus and femur where it contributes to joint function.

Synonyms

groove, pulley, sheave.

Examples of usage

The trochlea of the humerus allows the elbow joint to function smoothly.
In the knee joint, the trochlea of the femur guides the motion of the patella.
An injury to the trochlea can severely impact joint mobility.
The trochlea serves as a crucial point of articulation in various limb joints.

Interesting Facts

Etymology

The term comes from the Greek word 'trochilos,' meaning pulley, which reflects its shape and function.
In Latin, 'trochlea' also means pulley, further emphasizing the design for movement.

Anatomy

One of the main trochleae is found at the end of the humerus bone in the elbow, allowing for smooth arm movement.
Another notable trochlea exists in the knee, where it guides the motion of the patella (kneecap).

Mechanics

The concept of a trochlea in engineering mirrors its biological counterpart, utilizing a pulley system for efficiency.
Trochlea designs are often employed in machinery to minimize friction and enhance motion.

Surgery

In orthopedic surgery, trochlear surfaces may require careful examination to ensure they support proper joint function.
Conditions affecting the trochlea can lead to joint instability or pain, necessitating medical intervention.

Comparative Anatomy

Various animals, from birds to mammals, have evolved different trochlea structures to suit their specific movement needs.
The trochlea's design in the hip joint of some reptiles supports their unique locomotion compared to other vertebrates.