Transgender: meaning, definitions and examples

Etymology

• The term 'transgender' combines the Latin prefix 'trans-', meaning 'across' or 'beyond,' with 'gender,' referring to roles related to being male or female.
• The word started being widely used in the 1980s to describe a spectrum of gender identities beyond just male or female.
• Earlier terms associated with gender identity, like 'cross-dresser,' were often more specific and did not encompass the broader experiences of many transgender individuals.

Historical Context

• In the early 20th century, individuals like Harry Benjamin contributed to understanding gender identity, leading to the first medical protocols for transgender people.
• The first gender confirmation surgeries began to be performed in the 1930s in Europe, marking a significant moment in transgender history.
• In 1966, the first U.S. transgender rights organization, the 'Johns' Committee,' was formed, occurring in the context of the civil rights movement.

Pop Culture

• Many popular films and TV shows have featured transgender characters, helping raise awareness; notable examples include 'TransAmerica' and 'Orange is the New Black.'
• Celebrities like Laverne Cox and Caitlyn Jenner have brought transgender issues into the public spotlight, challenging traditional views on gender.
• The iconic singer David Bowie often blurred gender lines in his performances, influencing public perceptions of gender expression.

Psychology

• Research shows that accepting one’s gender identity can significantly improve mental health, leading to lower rates of depression and anxiety.
• The American Psychological Association recognizes that being transgender is a valid identity and emphasizes the importance of supportive environments.
• Studies indicate children who express a gender identity different from their assigned sex may experience discomfort (gender dysphoria) without supportive measures from caregivers.

Legislation

• In many parts of the world, laws have been enacted to protect transgender individuals from discrimination, including the right to change their legal gender.
• More than 15 countries have made significant strides by allowing legal recognition of gender identity without requiring surgical procedures.
• In the U.S., the Supreme Court ruled in 2020 that the Civil Rights Act protects employees from discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.