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Sumo Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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sumo

[ˈsuːmoʊ ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

Japanese wrestling

Sumo is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling that originated in Japan. In sumo, two wrestlers, known as rikishi, face off in a circular ring and attempt to force each other out of the ring or to make any part of the opponent's body other than the soles of their feet touch the ground. It is rich in culture and tradition, often accompanied by rituals and ceremonies, including the shiko stomping performed by the rikishi. Sumo has deep roots in Shinto rituals and has been practiced for centuries, with its rules and techniques constantly evolving.

Synonyms

combat sport, wrestling.

Examples of usage

  • The sumo tournament attracted many spectators.
  • Rikishi train rigorously to compete in sumo matches.
  • Sumo wrestlers wear traditional mawashi during competitions.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Cultural Significance

  • Sumo matches often start with a ritual that involves salt-throwing, believed to purify the ring and ward off evil spirits.
  • Each sumo wrestler has a unique ring name, or 'shikona,' reflecting their personality, characteristics, or lineage.
  • The top tournament events, known as 'basho,' attract thousands of fans both in Japan and worldwide, showing the sport's popularity.

Training and Lifestyle

  • Sumo wrestlers live in communal training houses called 'heya' where they train, eat, and sleep together.
  • A sumo wrestler's diet is rich and calorie-dense, often including a stew called 'chanko-nabe' to gain weight and build strength.
  • Training involves rigorous daily exercises focused on techniques, strength, and balance to prepare for competition.

Historical Impact

  • Sumo has been practiced for over 1,500 years, evolving from a form of martial arts to the sport we know today.
  • Historical records suggest that sumo was performed as early as the 6th century during the reign of the Yamato dynasty.
  • The first official sumo tournament was held in 1684 in Edo (now Tokyo), marking its popularization and formalization.

Pop Culture

  • In modern media, sumo is featured in anime, video games, and movies, introducing the sport to younger audiences.
  • The image of sumo wrestlers has become an iconic representation of Japan, often seen in tourist merchandise and advertisements.
  • Popular wrestlers have achieved celebrity status, appearing on television shows and acting in films, bridging tradition and modern entertainment.

Origin of 'sumo'

Main points about word origin

  • The word 'sumo' comes from the Japanese word '相撲' (sumō), which means 'to grapple' or 'to wrestle'.
  • Originally, sumo was a Shinto ritual to ensure good harvests, showing its deep-rooted cultural significance.
  • The term 'yokozuna,' the highest rank in sumo, signifies 'horizontal rope,' symbolizing the champion's strength and stability.

The term 'sumo' originates from the Japanese word '相撲' (sumō), which itself is derived from the Classical Chinese word '相撲' (xiāngpū), meaning 'to wrestle'. Sumo has been practiced in Japan for over 1,500 years, with its initial purposes being related to Shinto rituals and a way to entertain the gods. The first recorded sumo wrestling match dates back to 23 B.C. in the early historical texts of Japan. Over the years, sumo has evolved from a religious ceremony into a professional sport, while retaining its spiritual significance. The modern rules were refined during the Edo period (1603-1868), leading to the structured competitions seen today. Sumo has become a symbol of Japanese culture, with tournaments held throughout the year and major events broadcast internationally.

Word Frequency Rank

This word's position of #33,967 indicates it's among the more rare English words. While understanding it broadens your vocabulary, focus on more common words first.