Subgrade Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
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subgrade
[หsสbษกreษชd ]
Definition
construction terminology
Subgrade refers to the soil or material that is prepared to support a structure, typically the base of a road, railway, or pavement. It is the underlying layer beneath the pavement that distributes the load to the subsoil. Proper compaction and treatment of the subgrade are critical for the stability and durability of the structure above.
Synonyms
base layer, foundation, subsoil.
Examples of usage
- The engineers tested the subgrade for compaction.
- We need to improve the subgrade before laying the asphalt.
- Water drainage is essential to maintain the quality of the subgrade.
Translations
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Interesting Facts
Engineering
- Subgrade material plays a crucial role in the stability of structures, affecting how much weight they can hold.
- Engineers assess the quality of subgrade soil to prevent future problems like cracking or settlement.
- Different types of materials (like gravel or clay) can be used for subgrade, each with unique properties.
Construction
- The preparation of the subgrade is often one of the first steps in building roads and foundations.
- Improperly prepared subgrade can lead to costly repairs and structural failures many years later.
- The thickness and compaction of subgrade layers vary depending on the load they will support.
Geology
- The composition of subgrade is influenced by local geology, which determines the materials available.
- Soil types underneath the surface impact drainage and can affect construction design.
- Geotechnical analysis is often needed to study subgrade properties before construction projects launch.
Environmental Impact
- Consideration of subgrade materials can impact construction plans to minimize environmental damage.
- Improving subgrade can aid in managing stormwater runoff, part of sustainable building practices.
- Natural vegetation helps stabilize subgrade in some areas, reducing erosion and improving soil quality.
Origin of 'subgrade'
Main points about word origin
- The word 'subgrade' combines 'sub-', meaning under, and 'grade', which refers to a level or layer.
- It has been used in engineering since the early 19th century to denote the foundational level for construction.
- In transportation, the concept of grading dates back to ancient civilizations that built roads.
The term 'subgrade' emerges from the combination of two words: 'sub,' which originates from the Latin prefix meaning 'under,' and 'grade,' derived from the Latin 'gradus,' meaning 'step' or 'degree.' Together, 'subgrade' represents the idea of a supportive layer that lies beneath a certain level. The use of the term can be traced back to the early 20th century, coinciding with advancements in civil engineering and construction practices. As urbanization increased, the importance of proper groundwork became evident, leading to the formalization of terms like subgrade to describe the various layers in construction. The understanding of soil mechanics and its role in structural integrity further solidified the relevance of this term in civil engineering vocabulary.