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Sputnik Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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sputnik

[ˈspʌt.nɪk ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

space technology

A sputnik is an artificial satellite that is intentionally placed into orbit around Earth or another celestial body. The term is most famously associated with the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, marking the beginning of the Space Age.

Synonyms

orbiter, satellite, spacecraft.

Examples of usage

  • Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite.
  • The success of Sputnik led to the space race.
  • Sputnik's launch had significant geopolitical implications.

Translations

To see the translation, please select a language from the options available.

Interesting Facts

Historical Origins

  • The name 'Sputnik' means 'satellite' or 'companion' in Russian, symbolizing its role as Earth's first artificial companion in space.
  • Launched on October 4, 1957, it marked the beginning of the space age and was a significant milestone in the Cold War space race.
  • It was a 58 cm (23 inches) diameter metallic sphere equipped with four long antennas and emitted radio pulses, which could be received by radio operators on Earth.

Science

  • The launch prompted the establishment of NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) in the United States, signifying a major investment in space exploration.
  • Data collected from Sputnik helped scientists understand the effects of the atmosphere on radio waves, which improved communications technology even today.
  • Its launch demonstrated the feasibility of space travel and initiated advancements in satellite technology, including GPS and modern telecommunications.

Cultural Impact

  • Sputnik became a cultural phenomenon, inspiring music, literature, and art, as people were captivated by the idea of human-made objects in space.
  • In the U.S., there was a growing interest in science and technology in schools, with many students encouraged to pursue careers in engineering and space science.
  • The term 'Sputnik moment' has been used to describe when a sudden realization leads to significant change, highlighting the satellite's influence beyond just space exploration.

Technology

  • Technologically, the launch showcased the advancements in rocketry and satellite design, laying the groundwork for future space missions.
  • Sputnik's radio signals were the first human-made transmissions in orbit, indicating that Earth could communicate with artificial objects in space.
  • It paved the way for the development of more advanced satellites, including weather satellites and communication satellites that are pivotal for modern civilization.

Origin of 'sputnik'

The word 'sputnik' originates from the Russian language, where it means 'satellite' or 'companion'. It is derived from the combination of 'sput' which means 'to travel' and 'nik', a suffix meaning 'one who' or 'something that'. The most notable use of the term began with the Soviet space program during the Cold War, specifically with the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957. This event not only represented a significant achievement in the field of astronomy and engineering, but also escalated the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union in space exploration. The launch of Sputnik sparked widespread interest and concern in public and governmental circles, leading to increased funding and initiatives in science and technology education, as well as the eventual establishment of NASA in the United States.

Word Frequency Rank

Ranking #38,470, this word is encountered relatively rarely in everyday English. It might appear in literary works or specialized texts but isn't essential for general communication.