Poverty: meaning, definitions and examples

Historical Origins

• The word comes from the Latin 'pauper', meaning 'poor' or 'needy', which has evolved over centuries.
• Poverty has been a part of human history since ancient times, often tied to wars, famines, and social structures.
• In medieval Europe, the rise of towns brought different classes, making poverty more visible and prompting social reforms.

Global Perspectives

• Around 9.2% of the world's population lives on less than $1.90 a day, the international poverty line set by the World Bank.
• In many countries, poverty is often linked with lack of access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities.
• Natural disasters and climate change are leading causes of poverty, especially in vulnerable regions.

Economics

• Economists measure poverty in different ways, including absolute poverty (lack of basic needs) and relative poverty (compared to the living standards of others in society).
• Poverty can stifle economic growth, as it restricts the abilities of individuals to contribute to their community’s economy.
• Investing in education and skills training is considered one of the most effective ways to reduce poverty levels.

Psychology

• Living in poverty can have significant effects on mental health, with higher rates of anxiety and depression reported among low-income individuals.
• The stress of financial insecurity can impact decision-making, leading to a cycle of hardship that is hard to escape.
• Studies suggest that children who grow up in poverty are more likely to experience cognitive delays, which can affect their future opportunities.

Literature and Media

• Many famous novels and films depict the struggles of poverty, including 'The Grapes of Wrath' by John Steinbeck and 'The Pursuit of Happyness'.
• Diverse voices in literature highlight personal stories of poverty, fostering empathy and understanding in readers.
• Documentaries and investigative journalism often uncover the realities of poverty, influencing public opinion and policy change.

At position #2,655, this word belongs to solid intermediate vocabulary. It's frequently used in both casual and formal contexts and is worth learning for better fluency.

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