Polyurethane Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
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polyurethane
[หpษljสหษrษชn ]
Definition
material type
Polyurethane is a versatile polymer that is used in a wide variety of applications. It is created through a chemical reaction between polyols and diisocyanates. This material is known for its durability and flexibility, making it ideal for items such as foam seating, insulation, and coatings. Additionally, polyurethanes can be produced in a variety of densities and hardness levels, which enhances their usability across different industries.
Synonyms
coating, foam, polymeric material.
Examples of usage
- The chair is made of polyurethane foam.
- We used polyurethane insulation for better energy efficiency.
- Polyurethane coatings protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
Translations
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Interesting Facts
Applications
- It is widely used in furniture, providing cushioning in sofas and mattresses for comfort.
- You can find it in coatings and adhesives, protecting surfaces like wood and metal.
- In the automotive industry, it is used for parts that need flexibility and durability, such as bumpers.
Science
- Polyurethane can be produced in various densities, which means it can be soft like foam or hard like plastic.
- The material is often categorized into two main types: flexible and rigid, each having different properties.
- Its properties can be adjusted by changing the chemicals used in its production, allowing custom applications.
Health and Safety
- Some polyurethane products can release harmful chemicals when not cured properly, emphasizing the need for safety in manufacturing.
- It's essential to ensure proper ventilation when using certain polyurethane products to avoid exposure to toxic fumes during application.
- Innovations in safer formulations are ongoing, reducing environmental impact and enhancing safety for consumers.
Cultural References
- This material plays a significant role in modern design, from high-end furniture to everyday consumer products.
- In the arts, polyurethane is used in sculptures and installations due to its versatility and durability.
- Documentaries highlight how this invention revolutionized packaging, contributing to increased globalization by protecting goods in transit.
Origin of 'polyurethane'
Main points about word origin
- The word 'polyurethane' comes from 'poly,' meaning many, and 'urethane,' which is derived from uniting urea and alcohol.
- It was first used in the 1930s when scientists were trying to create new types of plastics.
- Originally created as a synthetic rubber substitute, it quickly found uses in various industries.
The term 'polyurethane' is derived from the combination of 'poly', meaning many, and 'urethane', which refers to a class of organic compounds. Urethane itself is a derivative of carbamic acid, and it was first synthesized in the early 19th century. The development of polyurethane as a distinct class of materials began in the 1930s, with German chemist Otto Bayer being a pioneer in this field. Bayer's invention set the foundation for what would become a significant industry in the production of flexible and rigid foams. Throughout the latter half of the 20th century, polyurethane gained immense popularity for its versatility and durability, leading to innovations in foam production and the establishment of many manufacturing processes. Today, polyurethane is integral to various sectors, including automotive, construction, and consumer goods.