Polygraphing Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
๐งช
polygraphing
[หpษlษชษกrษหfษชล ]
Definition
lie detection
Polygraphing refers to the process of using a polygraph, commonly known as a lie detector, to measure and record physiological responses while a person answers questions. This technique is often used in criminal investigations or security screenings to assess the veracity of the subject's responses. The polygraph records various indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and skin conductivity, which are believed to change when a person is being dishonest. While some believe it to be an effective method for detecting lies, the reliability and accuracy of polygraph tests are subjects of significant debate in both scientific and legal communities.
Synonyms
deception detection, lie detection.
Examples of usage
- The detective decided to conduct polygraphing to evaluate the suspect's honesty.
- During the interview, the candidate underwent polygraphing as part of the security clearance process.
- Polygraphing is sometimes employed by employers to screen potential hires.
- The results of polygraphing can influence the direction of an investigation.
Translations
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Interesting Facts
History
- The first functional polygraph was created in 1921 by John Augustus Larson, a medical student at the University of California.
- In the 1930s, the technique gained popularity as a tool for law enforcement, although its accuracy and reliability have been questioned over time.
Science
- The polygraph measures physiological indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and skin conductivity, which are considered indicators of emotional responses.
- Some studies suggest that up to 80% of operators can accurately interpret reactions, but individual proficiency can greatly vary.
Controversy
- The use of polygraphs is highly debated in legal settings, with many opposing its reliability as evidence in court cases.
- Critics argue that factors like anxiety or fear can cause physiological changes that may be misinterpreted as deception.
Pop Culture
- Polygraphs have been featured prominently in crime dramas and detective stories, often depicted as a foolproof way to uncover the truth.
- Reality television shows have also used lie detectors, adding dramatic tension to personal disclosures.
Origin of 'polygraphing'
Main points about word origin
- The word 'polygraph' comes from Greek roots: 'poly' meaning many and 'graph' meaning writing or drawing.
- It originally referred to a device that makes multiple copies of written documents, which connects to its later meaning of recording various biological responses.
The term 'polygraph' originates from the Greek words 'polus' meaning 'many' and 'grapho' meaning 'to write'. The modern sense of the word emerged in the 20th century as the technology for measuring physiological responses advanced. Originally, the polygraph was a device designed to measure multiple physiological variables simultaneously, hence the name. The first functional polygraph was developed in 1921 by John Augustus Larson, a medical student at the University of California. Since then, polygraphing has evolved with improvements in technology and methodology. Today, it is commonly utilized in various fields, ranging from law enforcement to employment screening, though its scientific validity continues to be a topic of discussion among experts.