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Phospholipid Meaning: Definition and Examples

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phospholipid

[ˌfɒsfəˈlɪpɪd ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry

Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes. They consist of two fatty acid tails and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone. This structure allows them to create a bilayer in aqueous environments, which is essential for forming cell membranes and maintaining cellular integrity.

Synonyms

glycerophospholipid, lipid.

Examples of usage

  • Phospholipids form the structural basis of cell membranes.
  • The fluidity of a membrane is influenced by the composition of phospholipids.
  • Phospholipids can act as surfactants in various biological processes.

Interesting Facts

Biological Importance

  • Phospholipids form a double layer in cell membranes, crucial for maintaining the right environment for cells.
  • They help transport nutrients and signals in and out of cells, acting like selective gates.
  • Abnormal phospholipid levels can be linked to diseases like cardiovascular issues and obesity.

Cultural Reference

  • In popular science discussions, phospholipids are often celebrated as the 'building blocks of life' due to their role in cell structure.
  • Art and media sometimes depict cells using bright colors, with phospholipids illustrated as vibrant layers, highlighting their importance.

Research Developments

  • Studies are exploring phospholipids' roles in drug delivery systems, helping medications target specific areas in the body.
  • Recent research has examined how dietary fats and phospholipids can influence brain health and cognitive function.

Nutritional Science

  • Phospholipids are present in many common foods, including eggs and soybeans, offering health benefits.
  • They're key components in supplements like lecithin, promoting heart health and cognitive functions.

Origin of 'phospholipid'

Main points about word origin

  • The word comes from 'phosphate,' which is a group of minerals, and 'lipid,' meaning fat.
  • Phospholipid was first used in scientific literature over a century ago, marking important advances in cell biology.

The term 'phospholipid' originates from the combination of 'phospho-' and 'lipid'. The prefix 'phospho-' refers to the phosphorus-containing group that is part of the molecule, while 'lipid' derives from the Greek word 'lipos,' meaning fat. Phospholipids were first identified in the early 20th century, with significant advances in understanding their structure occurring throughout the 1930s and 1940s. They were recognized for their critical role in the formation of cellular membranes, which became a major focus in cell biology. Over time, research on phospholipids has expanded, contributing to fields such as biochemistry, medicine, and nanotechnology, particularly in the development of drug delivery systems and understanding cellular processes.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #19,563, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.