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Phospholipid: meaning, definitions and examples

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phospholipid

 

[ˌfɒsfəˈlɪpɪd ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

biochemistry

Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes. They consist of two fatty acid tails and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone. This structure allows them to create a bilayer in aqueous environments, which is essential for forming cell membranes and maintaining cellular integrity.

Synonyms

glycerophospholipid, lipid.

Examples of usage

  • Phospholipids form the structural basis of cell membranes.
  • The fluidity of a membrane is influenced by the composition of phospholipids.
  • Phospholipids can act as surfactants in various biological processes.

Interesting Facts

Etymology

  • The word comes from 'phosphate,' which is a group of minerals, and 'lipid,' meaning fat.
  • Phospholipid was first used in scientific literature over a century ago, marking important advances in cell biology.

Biological Importance

  • Phospholipids form a double layer in cell membranes, crucial for maintaining the right environment for cells.
  • They help transport nutrients and signals in and out of cells, acting like selective gates.
  • Abnormal phospholipid levels can be linked to diseases like cardiovascular issues and obesity.

Cultural Reference

  • In popular science discussions, phospholipids are often celebrated as the 'building blocks of life' due to their role in cell structure.
  • Art and media sometimes depict cells using bright colors, with phospholipids illustrated as vibrant layers, highlighting their importance.

Research Developments

  • Studies are exploring phospholipids' roles in drug delivery systems, helping medications target specific areas in the body.
  • Recent research has examined how dietary fats and phospholipids can influence brain health and cognitive function.

Nutritional Science

  • Phospholipids are present in many common foods, including eggs and soybeans, offering health benefits.
  • They're key components in supplements like lecithin, promoting heart health and cognitive functions.

Word Frequency Rank

With rank #19,563, this word belongs to specialized vocabulary. While not common in everyday speech, it enriches your ability to express complex ideas.