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Organelle Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations

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organelle

[ษ”หrหˆษกรฆn.ษ›l ]

Definition

Context #1 | Noun

cell biology

Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions necessary for cellular life. They are often membrane-bound, ensuring that their internal environments are chemically distinct from the cytoplasm. This specialization allows for more efficient metabolic processes. Common examples of organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Organelles play critical roles in processes such as energy production, protein synthesis, and cellular communication.

Synonyms

cell structure, subcellular structure.

Examples of usage

  • The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
  • Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that carry out photosynthesis.
  • The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material.
  • Endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

Translations

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Origin of 'organelle'

The term 'organelle' originated in the early 20th century, derived from the word 'organ,' indicating a specialized part of a biological structure. It first appeared in scientific literature to describe the small structures within cells that perform specific functions. The suffix '-elle' comes from the French diminutive form, indicating a small size or a subset compared to larger 'organs' in anatomy. Over the decades, the understanding and classification of organelles have evolved significantly as advancements in microscopy and cellular biology have unfolded. Scientists initially used basic staining techniques to identify organelles; however, with the advent of electron microscopy in the 1950s, a clearer picture of these tiny structures emerged. Today, organelles are critical components of cell theory and are studied extensively in various fields of biology, including genetics, microbiology, and biochemistry.

Word Frequency Rank

At rank #28,384, this word represents specialized academic or technical vocabulary. It's less frequently encountered but may be valuable in specific contexts.