Nitration: meaning, definitions and examples
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nitration
[ naɪˈtreɪʃən ]
chemical process
Nitration is a chemical process that introduces a nitro group into an organic compound, typically through the reaction of a compound, such as an aromatic ring, with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids. This reaction is commonly used in the production of explosives, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
Synonyms
nitrative reaction, nitro substitution
Examples of usage
- The nitration of benzene produces nitrobenzene.
- Nitration reactions are important in organic chemistry.
- Controlled nitration can minimize unwanted side reactions.
Translations
Translations of the word "nitration" in other languages:
🇵🇹 nitração
🇮🇳 नाइट्रेशन
🇩🇪 Nitrierung
🇮🇩 nitrasi
🇺🇦 нітрація
🇵🇱 nitrowanie
🇯🇵 ニトロ化
🇫🇷 nitration
🇪🇸 nitración
🇹🇷 nitrasyon
🇰🇷 니트레이션
🇸🇦 نترجة
🇨🇿 nitrace
🇸🇰 nitrácia
🇨🇳 硝化
🇸🇮 nitracija
🇮🇸 nítrun
🇰🇿 нитрация
🇬🇪 ნიტრირება
🇦🇿 nitrasiya
🇲🇽 nitración
Etymology
The term 'nitration' is derived from the Latin word 'nitrum', which refers to nitre or saltpeter, and the suffix '-ation' which denotes a process. The concept of nitration has its roots in the late 19th century, during which organic chemistry was developing as a distinct scientific field. Nitration reactions became prominently featured as chemists like August Friedrich Königs and others investigated the reactions of nitric acid. Nitration plays a crucial role in the synthesis of various important compounds, including aniline dyes and explosives, such as TNT. The methodology surrounding nitration has been refined over the years, allowing for more precise control of the reaction conditions and product outcomes, enhancing both the efficiency and safety of chemical processes.