Neanderthal Meaning: Definition and Examples
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neanderthal
[niˈændərˌθɔl ]
Definition
prehistoric human
Neanderthals were a species of archaic humans that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until about 40,000 years ago. They are known for their robust skeletons and large brains, which were similar in size to modern humans. Neanderthals used stone tools, controlled fire, and lived in shelters, indicating a degree of sophistication in their lifestyle. Genetic studies have shown that non-African modern humans share a small percentage of DNA with Neanderthals, suggesting interbreeding between the two species.
Synonyms
Archaic human, Homo neanderthalensis.
Examples of usage
- Neanderthals are often depicted as primitive cave dwellers.
- Some researchers believe that Neanderthals had complex social structures.
- The discovery of Neanderthal fossils has greatly contributed to our understanding of human evolution.
Interesting Facts
Archaeology
- Neanderthals used tools made from stone, indicating a level of intelligence and ability to adapt to their environment.
- They were known to bury their dead, which suggests they had some beliefs about life and death.
Culture
- Recent studies show Neanderthals created art, including carvings and possibly body paint, challenging the idea they were unrefined.
- They also made music by playing simple instruments, such as bone flutes, suggesting a rich social life and culture.
Genetics
- Many modern humans of non-African descent carry about 1-2% Neanderthal DNA, showing they interbred with early humans.
- These genetic traits can influence various aspects of health, such as susceptibility to certain diseases.
Population Studies
- Neanderthals thrived for over 300,000 years before becoming extinct about 40,000 years ago, likely due to climate change and competition with modern humans.
- The extinction of Neanderthals is still a subject of research, with theories ranging from natural disasters to human encroachment.
Origin of 'neanderthal'
Main points about word origin
- The term was named after the Neander Valley in Germany where the first fossils were found in 1856.
- The word 'Neanderthal' comes from 'Neander', the name of a local river valley, and 'thal', which means valley in German.
The term 'Neanderthal' comes from the Neander Valley in Germany, where the first recognized fossils were discovered in 1856. The name itself is derived from the valley's name, which was named after Joachim Neander, a 17th-century German pastor and hymnist. The Latinized version of his name, 'Neanderthalensis', was utilized to categorize this ancient human species. Over the years, Neanderthals have been a focal point of studies in archaeology, anthropology, and genetics. Analysis of Neanderthal remains and artifacts has provided crucial insights into the lives, culture, and environment of these early humans, as well as their relationship with modern Homo sapiens. As research has progressed, the narrative surrounding Neanderthals has evolved significantly, indicating that they were more sophisticated than once believed, and they played a significant role in the early migrations and adaptations of human beings on the planet.
Word Frequency Rank
At position #42,198, this word is among the less frequently used terms in English. While interesting to know, it's not crucial for most English learners unless needed for specific purposes.