Mortising: meaning, definitions and examples

Etymology

• The term 'mortise' comes from the Middle English word 'mortys', which means to fit together.
• It has roots in the Latin word 'mortarium', which refers to a mortar or a container used for mixing.
• The word evolved through French, highlighting the technical craftsmanship involved in woodworking.

History

• Mortising techniques date back to ancient Egypt, where joinery was essential for building structures.
• In the 17th century, English craftsmen perfected mortising methods in fine furniture making.
• The use of this technique can be seen in many classical architectural designs, notably in timber framing.

Science

• Mortising allows for increased strength in wood joints, making structures more stable and durable.
• The science of wood mechanics shows how well-fitted joinery can prevent stress and potential failure points.
• Testing different mortise designs in various woods can reveal optimal techniques for specific applications.

Art

• In woodworking, mortising is not just functional; it’s also a form of artistic expression in the craftsmanship.
• Some artists incorporate intricate inlay designs within mortised joints to create stunning visual effects.
• Japanese carpentry uses mortising techniques that are celebrated for their aesthetic beauty and precision.

Tools and Techniques

• Common tools for mortising include chisels, drills, and mortising machines, each designed for precision.
• Different mortising styles exist, such as square or rectangular mortises, depending on the joint function.
• Modern woodworking often utilizes routers to create mortises quickly and accurately.