Inertial Meaning: Definition, Examples, and Translations
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inertial
[ɪˈnɜrʃəl ]
Definition
physics terminology
Inertial refers to the property of an object to maintain its state of motion unless acted upon by an external force. This concept is a fundamental principle in physics, particularly in Newton's first law of motion. Inertial frames of reference are those that are either at rest or move at constant velocity, which means the laws of physics apply equally in these frames. Understanding inertial properties is crucial in mechanics and various engineering applications.
Synonyms
Examples of usage
- The inertial frame remained stable despite the external disturbances.
- Inertial navigation systems rely on the principles of motion.
- The scientist explained the inertial properties of the spacecraft.
Translations
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Origin of 'inertial'
The term 'inertial' is derived from the Latin word 'iners', meaning 'inactive' or 'not active'. It entered the English language around the 19th century as the study of motion and mechanics began to be formalized by physicists like Isaac Newton. The foundational laws of motion, particularly the concept of inertia defined in Newton's first law, helped popularize the term in scientific discourse. Inertia itself describes the natural tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, and inertial frames are vital in both theoretical physics and practical applications such as engineering and aerospace. Over time, the meaning of 'inertial' has expanded to include various contexts within physical science, reflecting its fundamental role in our understanding of motion.